ArticleInternational archives of occupational and environmental health2023
Changes in work-related stressors before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: differences by gender and parental status.
Article in International archives of occupational and environmental health, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Do Females and Males Experience Occupational Stress Differently? Insights From a Meta-Analysis.Safety and health at work · 2026Review
- Changes in working and health conditions in different sectors between 2010 and 2019 in a representative sample of French workers.PloS one · 2025Article
- Article
- Gender differences in affective reactivity to COVID-related daily stressors in mood and anxiety disorders: A six-month intensive longitudinal study.PLOS mental health · 2025Article
- Organizational change: challenges for workplace psychosocial risks and employee mental health.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Psychosocial Risks in the Changing World of Work: Moving from the Risk Assessment Culture to the Management of Opportunities.La Medicina del lavoro · 2023Review
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
purposeThe COVID-19 pandemic changed people's working conditions worldwide and research suggests increases in work stressors. However, it is not known to what extent these changes differ by gender or parental status. In the present study, we investigate trends in work stressors and whether these differ by gender and parental status.
methodsWe used cross-sectional time series data of the European Working Conditions Survey of 2015 and Living, Working and COVID-19 survey of spring 2020 to examine trends in work stressors by gender and parental status. Work stressors were working in leisure time, lack of psychological detachment and work-life conflict. We applied three-way multilevel regressions reporting prevalence ratios and reported predicted probabilities and average marginal effects to show trends and differences in changes in work stressors.
resultsOur multilevel regression results showed elevated prevalence ratios during the pandemic for working leisure time (PR: 1.43, 95% CI 1.34-1.53), psychological detachment (PR: 1.70, 95% CI 1.45-1.99) and work-life conflict (PR: 1.29, 95% CI 1.17-1.43) compared to before the pandemic. Except for working in leisure time, the increase was more significant among women and mothers. The proportion of work-life conflict in 2020 was 20.7% (95% CI 18.7-22.9) for men and 25.8% (95% CI 24.0-27.6) for women, equalling a difference of 5.1% (p < 0.001).
conclusionsThere is evidence that work stressors increased disproportionately for women and mothers. This needs to be monitored and addressed to prevent widening gender inequalities in the quality of work.
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