ArticleViruses2022
Infection with SARS-CoV-2 Variants Is Associated with Different Long COVID Phenotypes.
Article in Viruses, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 49 citations in OpenAlex.
- New variants of COVID-19 (XBB.1.5 and XBB.1.16, the "Arcturus"): A review of highly questioned concerns, a brief comparison between different peaks in the COVID-19 pandemic, with a focused systematic review on expert recommendations for prevention, vaccination, and treatment measures in the general population and at-risk groups.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2024Pooled it
- Cellular Metabolic Signatures of Long COVID-19.Infectious disease reports · 2026Article
- Symptoms, mechanisms, and management of long COVID: understanding its prevalence, characteristics, and healthcare challenges in Saudi Arabia.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Review
- Distribution characteristics of chronic fatigue syndrome among secondary school students and its association with physical health: a case study in Shaanxi Province.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2026Article
- Article
- Correlation Between COVID-19 Recovery, Executive Function Decline, and Emotional State.Psychology research and behavior management · 2025Article
- Consensus based recommendations for the management of post-COVID long-term sequelae (Long COVID): a regional perspective.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Review
- Observational
- Article
- Cardiovascular abnormalities of long-COVID syndrome: Pathogenic basis and potential strategy for treatment and rehabilitation.Sports medicine and health science · 2024Review
- Impact of Spa Therapy on Symptoms and Quality of Life in Post-COVID-19 Patients with Chronic Conditions.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Long-term COVID-19 sequelae by Theta and SARS-CoV-2 variants in a Philippine cohort.Frontiers in medicine · 2024Article
- Cluster analysis identifies long COVID subtypes in Belgian patients.Biology methods & protocols · 2024Article
- Blood circulating bacterial DNA in hospitalized old COVID-19 patients.Immunity & ageing : I & A · 2023Article
- Mechanisms of long COVID: An updated review.Chinese medical journal pulmonary and critical care medicine · 2023Review
- Fatigue, sleepiness and sleep quality are SARS-CoV-2 variant independent in patients with long COVID symptoms.Inflammopharmacology · 2023Review
- Article
- The immunology of long COVID.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2023Review
- The Relationship between Post-COVID Syndrome and the Burden of Comorbidities Assessed Using the Charlson Comorbidity Index.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
24 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
COVID-19 has been associated with a broad range of long-term sequelae, commonly referred to as "long-COVID" or "post-COVID-19" syndrome. Despite an increasing body of literature, long COVID remains poorly characterized. We retrospectively analysed data from electronic medical records of patients admitted to the post-COVID-19 outpatient service of the Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy, between June 2020 and June 2021, 4-12 weeks after hospital discharge. A total of 428 patients, 41% women, median age 64 years, underwent a follow-up visit a median 53 days after hospital discharge. Overall, 76% patients reported at least one persistent symptom, including dyspnoea (37%), chronic fatigue (36%), insomnia (16%), visual disorders (13%) and brain fog (13%). Increasing oxygen support (OR 1.4, 95% CI 1.1-1.8), use of immunosuppressants (OR 6.4, 95% CI 1.5-28) and female sex (OR 1.8, 95% CI 1.1-2.9) were associated with a higher risk of long COVID symptoms. Comparison between symptomatic patients infected in the period March-December 2020 (prevalent circulation of wild-type SARS-CoV-2) with those infected in the period January-April 2021 (prevalent circulation of B.1.1.7 Alpha variant) showed a significant modification in the pattern of symptoms belonging to the neurological and cognitive/emotional categories. Our findings confirmed shortness of breath and chronic fatigue as the most frequent long COVID manifestations, while female sex and severe COVID-19 course were the main risk factors for developing lingering symptoms. SARS-CoV-2 variants may induce different long COVID phenotypes, possibly due to changes in cell tropism and differences in viral-host interaction.
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