ArticleVaccines2022
Immune Enhancement of Nanoparticle-Encapsulated Ginseng Stem-Leaf Saponins on Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus Vaccine in Mice.
Article in Vaccines, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.
- Gypenosides Mitigate STEC-Induced Intestinal Injury Through Modulation of Ferroptosis Involving the ATF4-CHAC1-GPX4 Axis.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- The Interplay Between Autophagy and Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus: From Molecular Mechanisms to Therapeutic Perspectives.Microorganisms · 2026Review
- Advancements in nanomaterial-based adjuvants for animal vaccines.Materials today. Bio · 2026Article
- Advances in Nanoparticles as Vaccine Adjuvants.Vaccines · 2026Article
- Immunoenhancing effects of Gynostemma Pentaphyllum Extract on mucosal immunity against porcine epidemic diarrhea virus.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2025Article
- Exploring the Potentials of Hyaluronic Acid-coated Polymeric Nanoparticles in Enhanced Cancer Treatment by Precision Drug Delivery, Tackling Drug Resistance, and Reshaping the Tumour Micro Environment.Current medicinal chemistry · 2025Review
- Design of Mucosal Vaccines Against Swine Enteric Coronaviruses: From Antigen Delivery to Immune Activation.Transboundary and emerging diseases · 2025Review
- Prevention and Control of Swine Enteric Coronaviruses in China: A Review of Vaccine Development and Application.Vaccines · 2023Review
- Article
- Red ginseng dietary fiber promotes probiotic properties ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2023Article
- Designing a multi-epitope vaccine to control porcine epidemic diarrhea virus infection using immunoinformatics approaches.Frontiers in microbiology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) causes severe enteric disease in pigs, particularly neonatal piglets. Current vaccines do not provide complete protection against PEDV. Ginseng stem-leaf saponins (GSLS), a promising oral adjuvant candidate, can improve intestinal immune responses in poultry and mice. However, its low stability limits further use. Poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA), a biocompatible and biodegradable nanoparticle, has been widely used in biomedicine for stable and targeted drug delivery. In this study, we developed GSLS-PLGA nanoparticles (GSLS-NPs) and evaluated the mucosal adjuvant efficacy in vitro and in vivo. GSLS-NPs significantly enhanced antigen internalization and pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion by DC2.4 cells. Mice orally administered GSLS-NPs before intramuscular inoculation generated CD11b
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Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.