ArticlePolymers2022
The Preliminary Assessment of New Biomaterials Necessitates a Comparison of Direct and Indirect Cytotoxicity Methodological Approaches.
Article in Polymers, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Multifunctional PVP/PEG Hydrogel Coatings Functionalized with Taxifolin for Surface Modification of Titanium-Based Substrates.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
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- A New Treatment Approach for Tympanic Membrane Repair: Stabilization of Fascia Grafts Using a PLGA-Based Tissue Stabilizer.Polymers · 2026Article
- The Assessment of Bioactivity and Biological Responsiveness in Bioactive Glasses and Ceramics: A Review of Available Techniques.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Modern Approach to Testing the Biocompatibility of Osteochondral Scaffolds in Accordance with the 3Rs Principle─PreclinicalACS biomaterials science & engineering · 2025Article
- Human T-Cell Responses to Metallic Ion-Doped Bioactive Glasses.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Article
- Chitosan and Sodium Hyaluronate Hydrogels Supplemented with Bioglass for Bone Tissue Engineering.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Article
- Exploring the cytotoxicity on human lung cancer cells and DNA binding stratagem of camptothecin functionalised silver nanoparticles through multi-spectroscopic, and calorimetric approach.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Article
- Hybrid 3D Printed and Electrospun Multi-Scale Hierarchical Polycaprolactone Scaffolds to Induce Bone Differentiation.Pharmaceutics · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundCytotoxicity testing is a primary method to establish the safety of biomaterials, e.g., biocomposites. Biomaterials involve a wide range of medical materials, which are usually solid materials and are used in bone regeneration, cardiology, or dermatology. Current advancements in science and technology provide several standard cytotoxicity testing methods that are sufficiently sensitive to detect various levels of cellular toxicity, i.e., from low to high. The aim was to compare the direct and indirect methodology described in the ISO guidelines UNE-EN ISO 10993-5:2009 Part 5.
methodsCell proliferation was measured using WST-1 assay, and cytotoxicity was measured using LDH test kit.
resultsThe results indicate that the molecular surface of biomaterials have impact on the cytotoxicity and proliferation profile. Based on these results, we confirm that the indirect method does not provide a clear picture of the cell condition after the exposure to the surface, and moreover, cannot provide complete results about the effects of the material.
conclusionsComparison of both methods shows that it is pivotal to investigate biomaterials at the very early stages using both indirect and direct methods to access the influence of the released toxins and surface of the material on the cell condition.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.