ArticlePharmaceutics2022
Development of In Vitro Evaluation System for Assessing Drug Dissolution Considering Physiological Environment in Nasal Cavity.
Article in Pharmaceutics, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Chromatographic Characterization of Nasal and Inhalation Drug Products: A Review of Liquid Chromatography Strategies for Formulation Assessment, Particle Size Correlation, and In Vitro Performance Testing.Biomedical chromatography : BMC · 2026Review
- Spray-freeze-drying aprepitant with hydroxypropyl cellulose increases nasal bioavailability.International journal of pharmaceutics: X · 2026Article
- Baicalein-Cyclodextrin Inclusion Complexes Nasal Thermosensitive Hydrogel: Bioavailability Improvement and Pharmacokinetic Evaluation in Rats.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Effective Brain Targeting Using the Self-Emulsifying Drug Delivery Systems.AAPS PharmSciTech · 2026Review
- BrSPR-20-P1 peptide isolated fromRSC advances · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Estimating the dissolution behavior of a solid in the nasal mucus is challenging for solid dosage forms designed for the nasal application as the solid dissolves into nasal mucus and permeates through the mucosa. In the current study, the dissolution behavior of powders in the artificial nasal fluid was investigated using a 3D-printed chamber system to establish in vitro evaluation system for the dissolution of solid formulations that can simulate the intranasal environment in vivo. The dissolution rates of the five model drugs correlated with their solubility (r2 = 0.956, p < 0.01). The permeation rate of drugs across the Calu-3 cell layers after powder application depends on the membrane permeability of the drug. An analysis of membrane permeability considering the dissolution of powders showed the possibility of characterizing whether the drug in the powder was dissolution-limited or permeation-limited. This suggests that critical information can be obtained to understand which mechanism is more effective for the improvement of drug absorption from powders. This study indicates that the elucidation of drug dissolution behavior into nasal mucus is an important factor for the formulation of nasal powders and that the in vitro system developed could be a useful tool.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.