Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36362684›Full record

ArticleJournal of clinical medicine2022

Characteristics of Long COVID: Cases from the First to the Fifth Wave in Greater Tokyo, Japan.

Kouichi Hirahata, Nobutoshi Nawa, Takeo Fujiwara

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of clinical medicine, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
16citing papers in PubMed
2.5field-weighted citation impact, top 9% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

16 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Kouichi HirahataHirahata Clinic, Tokyo 150-0002, Japan.ORCID 0000-0002-4305-6368
Nobutoshi NawaDepartment of Global Health Promotion, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan.
Takeo FujiwaraDepartment of Global Health Promotion, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan.ORCID 0000-0002-1074-3954
Tokyo Medical and Dental University · JP

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeApproximately 25-60% of COVID-19 patients develop long-term sequelae of the condition known as long COVID. This study aimed to examine sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of long COVID in Japan.

methodsThe data of long COVID patients, defined as those who were symptomatic after 28 days from onset, were collected in an outpatient clinic in Tokyo, Japan between 6 January 2020 and 2 October 2021 (N = 1891). Information on age, sex, employment, infection waves, vaccination, impairment in activities of daily living, and symptoms were obtained from electronic medical records. We used linear regression to analyze the association of patients characteristics with performance status.

resultsThe mean number of days from onset was 77.6 (SD: 71.3). Female, those who had their work hours reduced, on leave, dismissed or retired or not working, were associated with lower performance status. Fatigue, depressive symptom, brain fog, dyspnea, palpitation, body pain, loss of appetite, fever-but not headache, insomnia, loss of smell, loss of taste, hair loss, or cough-were associated with the lower performance status.

conclusionSex and employment status were associated with lower performance status in long COVID patients. Studies are needed to elucidate the full picture of the characteristics of long COVID patients.

Indexed as

activities of daily livinglong COVIDperformance status

Identifiers

PMID36362684
PMCPMC9654540
OpenAlexW4307983535

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.