ReviewJournal of clinical medicine2022
Extrahepatic Manifestations of Chronic HBV Infection and the Role of Antiviral Therapy.
Review in Journal of clinical medicine, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- Global prevalence of chronic kidney disease and its influencing factors among chronic hepatitis B: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC gastroenterology · 2025Pooled it
- Alterations in macular microvasculature in chronic hepatitis B patients measured by optical coherence tomography angiography.Quantitative imaging in medicine and surgery · 2026Article
- KASL clinical practice guidelines for management of chronic hepatitis B Endorsed by the East Asia Liver Alliance (EALA).Clinical and molecular hepatology · 2026Article
- Virological and pathological characterization of an outbreak of domestic cat hepatitis B virus infection in a cat shelter in Japan.The Journal of veterinary medical science · 2026Article
- Chronic hepatitis B virus infection and the risk of extrahepatic malignancies: an updated review of epidemiology, mechanisms, and clinical implications.Virology journal · 2026Review
- Left Atrial Myxoma Surgery in Cryoglobulinemic Vasculitis Associated with Hepatitis B: A Clinical Case Report.Reports (MDPI) · 2026Article
- Review
- A Rare Case of Anti-CASPR2 Encephalitis as the Presenting Manifestation of Hepatitis B Virus Infection.Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology · 2026Article
- Epidemiology of hepatitis D virus coinfection among HBsAg-positive individuals in Kermanshah, Western Iran.GMS hygiene and infection control · 2026Article
- Microscopic polyangiitis complicated with pulmonary hepatitis B virus infection: A case report and literature review.Infectious medicine · 2025Article
- An overview of hepatitis B virus in gastric carcinogenesis: from clinical association to molecular mechanisms.Infectious agents and cancer · 2025Review
- Acute Hemorrhagic Leukoencephalitis With Active Hepatitis B Virus Infection: A Case Report.Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2025Article
- Potential causal association and mechanistic insights of chronic HBV infection in extrahepatic cancer progression.Discover oncology · 2025Article
- Mucocutaneous manifestation mimicking vasculitis in chronic hepatitis B: A case report.World journal of clinical cases · 2025Article
- Longitudinal observation of chronic domestic cat hepadnavirus infection in cats with evidence of extrahepatic involvement.Journal of feline medicine and surgery · 2025Article
- Pathogenesis, prevention, and therapeutic advances in hepatitis B, C, and D.Virology journal · 2025Review
- Hospitalisations With Cryoglobulin-Related Diseases in Spain Over 25 Years.Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver · 2025Article
- Uncommon pulmonary manifestation of hepatitis B virus: a case report of secondary organizing pneumonia.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Targeting hepatitis B virus-associated nephropathy: efficacy and challenges of current antiviral treatments.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2025Review
- Rheumatoid factor levels indicate cryoglobulinemia severity in hepatitis B e antigen-negative hepatitis B virus carriers: a 7-year prospective cohort study.Hepatology international · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection leads to chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, and hepatocarcinoma. However, about 20% of patients experience extrahepatic manifestations such as polyarteritis nodosa, non-rheumatoid arthritis, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, cryoglobulinemic vasculitis, and glomerulonephritis. These influence the patient's morbidity, quality of life and mortality. The treatment of an HBV infection is based on nucleotide analogues (NAs) which are safe and effective for the suppression of HBV-DNA in almost 100% of cases. A few studies have shown that NAs induce a viral response and an improvement of extrahepatic diseases. There is a lack of a thorough analysis of the available treatments for extrahepatic HBV manifestations. In 90% to 100% of cases, the NAs stop the HBV replication, and they produce a clinical response in the majority of patients with mild to moderate extrahepatic signs/symptoms. Arthritis can definitely disappear after the HBV elimination and, in some cases, the HBV eradication following NAs therapy appears to improve the renal function in HBV-related nephropathies. Plasma exchange can be used in subjects who are suffering from the most aggressive forms of cryoglobulinemic vasculitis and glomerulonephritis, progressive peripheral neuropathy, and life-threatening cases, and this can be combined with glucocorticosteroids and antiviral agents. In selected refractory patients, the use of rituximab in conjunction with NAs therapy can be considered. The review provides an update on extrahepatic conditions that are linked to HBV and the impact of treating HBV with NAs.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.