ReviewInternational journal of environmental research and public health2022
Future Perspectives of Ectopic Pregnancy Treatment-Review of Possible Pharmacological Methods.
Review in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
- The efficacy of letrozole in the medical management of ectopic pregnancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.European journal of clinical pharmacology · 2026Pooled it
- Evaluating single-dose methotrexate alone versus methotrexate with letrozole for treating ectopic pregnancy: a comparative study.Archives of gynecology and obstetrics · 2025Trial
- Spectrum of Ectopic Pregnancy: Case Series from a Tertiary Care Centre in Western India.Cureus · 2026Article
- Feasibility of direct surgical management for early-stage cervical pregnancy: a multicenter retrospective study.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2026Article
- Effectiveness of single-dose methotrexate in the treatment of ectopic pregnancy: a retrospective study.Revista brasileira de ginecologia e obstetricia : revista da Federacao Brasileira das Sociedades de Ginecologia e Obstetricia · 2026Article
- Heterotopic Cesarean Scar Pregnancy: A Systematic Review of Diagnosis, Management and Prognosis.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Efficacy of Monotherapy Letrozole Versus Methotrexate for the Management of Ectopic Pregnancy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Comparative Studies.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Cervical Ectopic Pregnancies-Imaging and Endovascular Treatment.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Evaluation of Letrozole and Methotrexate in the Management of Ectopic Pregnancy - A Randomized Clinical Trial Study.Advanced biomedical research · 2025Article
- Effect of dyadic coping-based couple psychological intervention on preoperative anxiety and postoperative pain in ectopic pregnancy patients.American journal of translational research · 2025Article
- Gynaecological Emergencies.Case reports in women's health · 2024Article
- Broad ligament ectopic pregnancy with full-term live birth: a rare case report from Syria.Journal of surgical case reports · 2024Article
- The relationship between serum levels of epidermal growth factor and β-human chorionic gonadotropin and the type and prognosis of ectopic pregnancy.Archives of gynecology and obstetrics · 2024Article
- Minimally Invasive Management and Diagnosis of Ectopic Splenic Pregnancy.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2024Article
- Heterotopic pregnancy after a single embryo transfer with successful perinatal outcome: case report and literature review.Contraception and reproductive medicine · 2024Article
- A Systematic Review about Cervical Pregnancy and our Experience.Acta medica Lituanic · 2024Review
- Article
- Prediction of Tubal Rupture in Ectopic Pregnancy Using Methotrexate Treatment Protocols and Hematological Markers.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Successful Ultrasound-Guided Methotrexate Intervention in the Treatment of Heterotopic Interstitial Pregnancy: A Case Report and Literature Review.Journal of personalized medicine · 2023Article
- Establishment of the fetal-maternal interface: developmental events in human implantation and placentation.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Ectopic pregnancy, that is, a blastocyst occurring outside the endometrial cavity of the uterus, affects nearly 2% of pregnancies. The treatment of ectopic pregnancy is surgical or pharmacological. Since surgical management is associated with numerous serious side effects, conservative treatment is sought. The treatment of choice in the majority of cases is based on pharmacotherapy with methotrexate (MTX) in a single- or multi-dose regimen. Although the efficacy of methotrexate reaches between 70 and 90%, its use requires specific conditions regarding both the general condition of the patient and the characteristic features of the ectopic pregnancy. Moreover, MTX can cause severe adverse effects, including stomatitis, hepatotoxicity and myelosuppression. Therefore, clinicians and researchers are still looking for a less toxic, more effective treatment, which could prevent surgeries as a second-choice treatment. Some studies indicate that other substances might constitute a good alternative to methotrexate in the management of ectopic pregnancies. These substances include aromatase inhibitors, especially letrozole. Another promising substance in EP treatment is gefitinib, an inhibitor of EGFR tyrosine domain which, combined with MTX, seems to constitute a more effective alternative in the management of tubal ectopic pregnancies. Other substances for local administration include KCl and absolute ethanol. KCl injections used in combination with MTX may be used when foetal heart function is detected in cervical ectopic pregnancies, as well as in heterotopic pregnancy treatment. Absolute ethanol injections proved successful and safe in caesarean scar pregnancies management. Thus far, little is known about the use of those substances in the treatment of ectopic pregnancies, but already conducted studies seem to be promising.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.