Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36360905›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of environmental research and public health2022

HPV Vaccine Hesitancy and Influencing Factors among University Students in China: A Cross-Sectional Survey Based on the 3Cs Model.

Yan Huang, Cheng Chen, Lei Wang, Huamei Wu, Ting Chen, Luying Zhang

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
22citing papers in PubMed
3.2field-weighted citation impact, top 8% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

22 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.

Yan HuangCenter for Chinese Public Administration Research, School of Government, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
Cheng ChenSchool of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China.
Lei WangSchool of Public Administration and Emergency Management, Institute of Public Policy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
Huamei WuShanghai Urban Construction Vocational College, Shanghai 200438, China.
Ting ChenSchool of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China.
Luying ZhangSchool of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
Wuhan University of Science and Technology · CNFudan University · CNHubei Urban Construction Vocational and Technological College · CNJinan University · CNSun Yat-sen University · CN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The burden of disease caused by cervical cancer ranked second among female tumors in China. The HPV vaccine has been proven to be a cost-effective measure to prevent cervical cancer, but the vaccination rate remained low to date among university students. This study aimed to understand the status quo of HPV vaccine hesitancy among university students across China during the COVID-19 pandemics and systematically analyze determinants of HPV vaccine hesitancy based on the WHO 3Cs model. Cross-sectional data were collected using an online survey of female university students in four cities across China in June 2022. Multinomial logistic regression was adopted to determine factors influencing vaccine hesitancy based on the 3Cs model with three dimensions, namely complacency, convenience, and confidence. Among 1438 female university students surveyed in this study, 89.7% did not hesitate to vaccinate against HPV, only 8.9% hesitated to some extent, and 1.4% refused to vaccinate. The actual vaccination rate for the HPV vaccine was 34.2%. Based on the 3Cs model, this study found that the trust on the efficacy of vaccines, risk perception of being infected by HPV, price, and distance/time were influencing factors of vaccine hesitancy. Knowledge of the HPV vaccine and sociodemographic characteristics, such as education levels, were also statistically relevant. Therefore, it is recommended that relevant scientific knowledge on cervical cancer and the HPV vaccine should be spread on campus, the vaccination appointment procedure should be simplified, and the affordability of vaccination should be increased through strategic purchasing or providing subsidies, so as to reduce HPV vaccine hesitancy.

Indexed as

COVID-19Papillomavirus InfectionsPapillomavirus VaccinesUterine Cervical NeoplasmsChinaCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHealth Knowledge, Attitudes, PracticeHumansStudentsUniversitiesVaccinationVaccination HesitancyPapillomavirus Vaccines3Cs modelhesitancyHPV vaccineinfluencing factorsuniversity students

Identifiers

PMID36360905
PMCPMC9657119
OpenAlexW4307939363

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.