ArticleInternational journal of environmental research and public health2022
Expanding the E-Liquid Flavor Wheel: Classification of Emerging E-Liquid Flavors in Online Vape Shops.
Article in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed.
- Electronic cigarette aerosols disrupt airway barrier function via MMP-dependent E-cadherin cleavage: findings from cell culture and murine models.Archives of toxicology · 2026Article
- Trends in product characteristics of disposable e-cigarettes sold by US online stores between 2022 and 2024.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2026Article
- Rapid tobacco use surveillance: Confiscated tobacco products from United States Schools, 2021-2025.Preventive medicine reports · 2026Article
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- Where Do E-cigarette Users Buy Their E-cigarette Products? Results From a Nationally Representative Sample of Adult E-cigarette Users in the United States.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2026Article
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- Patterns of flavored e-cigarette use at the time of quitting smoking: comparison between American young adults (18-24 years old) and older adults (> 24 years old).Harm reduction journal · 2025Article
- Single-cell transcriptomics identifies altered neutrophil dynamics and accentuated T-cell cytotoxicity in tobacco flavored e-cigarette exposed mouse lungs.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Features of disposable e-cigarettes and their association with pricing and consumer preference: Evidence from web data of US online stores.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2025Article
- Concept flavor names from English language ENDS advertising in the USA, 2015-2020.Tobacco induced diseases · 2025Article
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- How to Identify e-Cigarette Brands Available in the United States During 2020-2022: Development and Usability Study.JMIR formative research · 2024Article
- Electronic Cigarette Device and Liquid Characteristics: Comparison of Self-Reports to User-Provided Pictures.Substance use & misuse · 2024Article
- Fruit flavors in electronic cigarettes (ECIGs) are associated with nocturnal dry cough: A population longitudinal analysis.PloS one · 2024Article
- Electronic cigarette exposure disrupts airway epithelial barrier function and exacerbates viral infection.American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology · 2023Article
- The associations between e-liquid characteristics and its pricing: Evidence from online vape shops.PloS one · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
introductionElectronic cigarettes are the most popular tobacco product among U.S. youth, and over 80% of current youth users of e-cigarettes use flavored e-cigarettes, with fruit, mint/menthol, and candy/sweets being the most popular flavors. A number of new e-liquid flavors are currently emerging in the online e-cigarette market. Menthol and other flavored e-cigarettes could incentivize combustible tobacco smokers to transition to e-cigarette use.
methodsFrom February to May 2021, we scraped data of over 14,000 e-liquid products, including detailed descriptions of their flavors, from five national online vape shops. Building upon the existing e-liquid flavor wheel, we expanded the semantic databases (i.e., key terms) to identify flavors using WordNet-a major database for keyword matching and group discussion. Using the enriched databases, we classified 14,000+ e-liquid products into the following 11 main flavor categories: "fruit", "dessert/candy/sweets", "coffee/tea", "alcohol", "other beverages", "tobacco", "mint/menthol", "nuts", "spices/pepper", "other flavors", and "unspecified flavor".
resultsWe find that the most prominent flavor sold in the five online vape shop in 2021 was fruit flavored products, followed by dessert/candy/other sweets. Online vendors often label a product with several flavor profiles, such as fruit and menthol.
conclusionsGiven that online stores market products with multiple flavor profiles and most of their products contain fruit flavor, the FDA may have issued marketing denial orders to some of these products. It is important to further examine how online stores respond to the FDA flavor restrictions (e.g., compliance or non-compliance).
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