ArticleInternational journal of environmental research and public health2022
A Newly Developed Scale for Assessing Experienced and Anticipated Sexual Stigma in Health-Care Services for Gay and Bisexual Men.
Article in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- Anticipated Stigma in Nursing: A Concept Analysis Informed by Cannabis Use Disclosure.Journal of advanced nursing · 2026Review
- Measurement instruments for sexual identity minority stress in adults: A scoping review.PloS one · 2026Article
- Sexual awareness, high-risk sexual behaviors and HIV testing: a cross-sectional survey among university students in Xuzhou, Jiangsu.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Anticipated Stigma from Family and Loneliness Among Chinese Gay Men: The Mediating Role of Guilt and the Moderating Role of Self-Compassion.American journal of men's healthArticle
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Gay and bisexual men's experiences and worries of sexual stigma by health-care providers may delay them from seeking health-care assistance. Our study developed the Experienced and Anticipated Sexual Stigma Scale in Health-care Services (EASSSiHS) and examined its psychometric properties. The six-item EASSSiHS was first developed on the basis of the results of focus group interviews with 24 participants. Parallel analysis was used to determine the number of factors. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were performed to examine the factor structure. The internal consistency was examined using McDonald's omega coefficient. Concurrent validity was examined using Pearson correlations with perceived sexual stigma from family and friends, depression, anxiety, and loneliness. The results of parallel analysis and EFA indicated that the factor structure of the EASSSiHS included two factors: experienced stigma and anticipated stigma. The result of CFA further confirmed the two-factor structure. The EASSSiHS had good internal consistency and acceptable concurrent validity. The anticipated stigma factor had stronger associations with perceived sexual stigma from family members and friends, depression, anxiety, and loneliness, when compared with the experienced stigma factor. The results of this study supported the psychometric properties of the EASSSiHS for assessing experienced and anticipated sexual stigma in health-care services among gay and bisexual men. The experience and worry of sexual stigma in health-care services were not rare among gay and bisexual men; therefore, interventions to enhance the cultural competency of health-care workers are urgently required.
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