ReviewHealthcare (Basel, Switzerland)2022
Effectiveness of Pulmonary Rehabilitation among COVID-19 Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Review in Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Impact of Pulmonary Rehabilitation in Patients with Post-COVID-19 Syndrome: A Systematic Review.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Pooled it
- Effects of rehabilitation interventions for old adults with long COVID: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.Journal of global health · 2024Pooled it
- Psychophysiological Adaptations to Exercise Training in COVID-19 Patients: A Systematic Review.BioMed research international · 2024Pooled it
- Effect of pulmonary rehabilitation for patients with long COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Therapeutic advances in respiratory diseasePooled it
- Fully remote versus hybrid supervision of pulmonary telerehabilitation in COVID-19: a randomized clinical trial.European journal of physical and rehabilitation medicine · 2025Trial
- Article
- A Case of Platypnea-Orthodeoxia Syndrome Following COVID-19 Pneumonia Treated in a Convalescent Rehabilitation Ward.Japanese journal of comprehensive rehabilitation science · 2026Article
- Effects of therapeutic interventions on long COVID: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.EClinicalMedicine · 2025Article
- Course of neuropsychological health in post-COVID patients differs 6 and 12 months after inpatient rehabilitation.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Article
- Effects of a cardiopulmonary rehabilitation programme on submaximal exercise in Tunisian patients with long-COVID19: A randomized clinical trial.Biology of sport · 2024Article
- Pulmonary rehabilitation in follow-up and inpatient rehabilitation for Long COVID: twelve months of follow-up.European journal of physical and rehabilitation medicine · 2024Observational
- Effects of Exercise Rehabilitation on Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Long-COVID-19 Survivors: A Meta-Analysis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- Effects of a randomized-controlled and online-supported physical activity intervention on exercise capacity, fatigue and health related quality of life in patients with post-COVID-19 syndrome.BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation · 2024Article
- Impact of COVID-19 lockdown on physical activity behavior among students in Somalia.AIMS public health · 2024Article
- Clinical standards for diagnosis, treatment and prevention of post-COVID-19 lung disease.The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease : the official journal of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease · 2023Article
- Efficacy of Pulmonary Rehabilitation in Post-COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Biomedicines · 2023Review
- A Multiaxial Rehabilitation Programme for Workers with COVID-19 Sequelae Using a Conventional and Technological-Robotic Approach: The Proposal of INAIL and Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Impact of Rehabilitation on Physical and Neuropsychological Health of Patients Who Acquired COVID-19 in the Workplace.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Observational
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Many COVID-19 patients presented with detrimental features, such as impaired respiratory function, physical capacity, and overall poor quality of life. The present study evaluates the effectiveness of pulmonary rehabilitation on COVID-19 patients. Methods: We searched PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar from 2019 to 2021. The protocol was registered in PROSPERO with the registration number CRD42021273618. We performed statistical analyses via random effects and expressed the outcomes as standardized mean difference (SMD) for continuous variables, with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results: We included six trials involving 432 patients. The primary outcome showed a significant improvement in physical function (SMD 0.83, 95% CI −0.58 to 1.09; p < 0.001; four trials, 266 participants; high-quality evidence). There was significant difference in anxiety (SMD −0.80, 95% CI −1.23 to −0.37; p = 0.003), physical activity intensity levels (SMD −1.27, 95% CI −2.23 to −0.32; p = 0.009), sleep quality (MD −0.05, 95% CI −0.83 to −0.16; p = 0.004), peripheral muscle performance of lower limbs (SMD 0.90, 95% CI −0.60 to 1.20; p < 0.001), and dyspnoea outcomes (SMD −0.55, 95% CI −0.87 to −0.23; p = 0.007). Conclusions: Pulmonary rehabilitation is an effective adjuvant therapy that minimizes COVID-19 severity in the intervention group compared to the conventional treatment. The findings of this study will need to be considered in the framework of the clinical outcome as observed in the intervention outcome. Additionally, safer data on guideline rehabilitation would be needed to examine whether pulmonary rehabilitation would be a fruitful intervention to reduce COVID-19 severity.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.