ArticleChildren (Basel, Switzerland)2022
Prevalence and Related Risk Factors of Vitamin D Deficiency in Saudi Children with Epilepsy.
Article in Children (Basel, Switzerland), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03536845 (Vitamin D Supplementation to Prevent Vitamin D Deficiency for Children With Epilepsy), which is not on this map. Cited by 4 papers.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Vitamin D Supplementation to Prevent Vitamin D Deficiency for Children With Epilepsy: a Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- Disrupted Vitamin D Signaling and Metabolism in Neurodevelopmental and Neurodegenerative Disorders.ASN neuro · 2026Review
- Vitamin D status of pediatric epilepsy patients and evaluation of affecting factors.Italian journal of pediatrics · 2025Article
- Vitamin D Supplementation for Children with Epilepsy on Antiseizure Medications: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Comparison of 25-hydroxy vitamin D serum levels among children with epilepsy in therapy with single versus multiple antiseizure medications.Epilepsy & behavior reports · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundVitamin D has a role in the pathogenesis of many medical disorders, especially those of the central nervous system. It is essential in maintaining the bone health of children. However, patients with epilepsy are at high risk of developing vitamin D deficiency due to antiseizure medications (ASMs). Therefore, we aimed to assess the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and related risk factors in children with epilepsy.
methodsThis is the baseline report of a pragmatic, randomized, controlled, open-label trial that assessed the impact of vitamin D supplementation in preventing vitamin D deficiency (NCT03536845). We included children with epilepsy aged 2-16 years who were treated with ASMs from December 2017 to March 2021. Children with preexisting vitamin D metabolism problems, vitamin-D-dependent rickets, malabsorption syndromes, renal disease, and hepatic disease were excluded. The baseline demographic data, anthropometric measurements, seizure types, epilepsy syndromes, ASMs, and seizure control measures were recorded. Blood tests for vitamin D (25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D), serum calcium, serum phosphorus, and parathyroid hormone levels were performed. Based on vitamin D concentration, patients were categorized as deficient (<50 nmol/L), insufficient (74.9-50 nmol/L), or normal (>75 nmol/L).
resultsOf 159 recruited children, 108 (67.92%) had generalized seizures, 44 (27.67%) had focal seizures, and 7 (4.4%) had unknown onset seizures. The number of children receiving monotherapy was 128 (79.0%) and 31 (19.1%) children were receiving polytherapy. The mean vitamin D concentration was 60.24 ± 32.36 nmol/L; 72 patients (45.28%) had vitamin D deficiency and 45 (28.3%) had vitamin D insufficiency. No significant difference in vitamin D concentration was observed between children receiving monotherapy and those receiving polytherapy. The main risk factors of vitamin D deficiency were obesity and receiving enzyme-inducer ASMs.
conclusionsThe prevalence of vitamin D deficiency was high among children with epilepsy. Obese children with epilepsy and those on enzyme-inducer ASMs were at increased risk for vitamin D deficiency. Further studies are needed to establish strategies to prevent vitamin D deficiency.
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