ReviewChildren (Basel, Switzerland)2022
Parental Stress Assessment with the Parenting Stress Index (PSI): A Systematic Review of Its Psychometric Properties.
Review in Children (Basel, Switzerland), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07669896 (A Wonderful Life is Not a Dream-A Pilot Study on the Development and Effectiveness Validation of the Life Balance Improvement Program for Parents of Preschool Children), which is not on this map. Cited by 25 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Wonderful Life is Not a Dream-A Pilot Study on the Development and Effectiveness Validation of the Life Balance Improvement Program for Parents of Preschool Children
Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Parental Stress and Well-Being: A Meta-analysis.Clinical child and family psychology review · 2025Pooled it
- Psychosocial-Spiritual Experiences and Outcomes in Parents of Children with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus from the Middle East and North Africa Region: A Systematic Review.Pediatric diabetes · 2024Pooled it
- Ratings of parenting stress in mild to moderate chronic kidney disease in children: a pilot investigation.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2026Article
- Parental anxiety in differences of sex development and hypospadias: a psychosocial characterization.Journal of the Endocrine Society · 2026Article
- An Analysis of the Psychometric Properties of the Pediatric Inventory for Parents: Short Form Among Caregivers of Children Diagnosed With Autism Spectrum Disorder.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2026Article
- Bridging Parenting Stress and Child Progress: Evaluating a Parent-Mediated Early Intervention for Autism.Journal of clinical psychology in medical settings · 2026Article
- Effortful control and expressive language in deaf or hard-of-hearing children: The contributions of caregiver language and parenting stress.Journal of child language · 2026Article
- Optimizing joint engagement in autism: considering toddler developmental abilities and caregiver stress.Frontiers in child and adolescent psychiatry · 2026Article
- Parenting Stress in Adolescent Anorexia Nervosa: Differential Stress in Mothers and Fathers During Inpatient Treatment.The International journal of eating disorders · 2025Article
- Validity Study of the Spanish Version of the Parental Stress Index (PSI-4) in Its Two Forms (Long Form and Short Form).Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Preliminary Effects of Extended Reality-Based Rehabilitation on Gross Motor Function, Balance, and Psychosocial Health in Children with Cerebral Palsy.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Sibling Control Analysis of Perinatal Health and Family Environment Factors Related to Childhood ADHD Symptoms.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- Identifying the determinants of health-related quality of life in children after heart transplant.JHLT open · 2025Article
- Developing Assessments for Key Stakeholders in Pediatric Congenital Heart Disease: Qualitative Pilot Study to Inform Designing of a Medical Education Toy.JMIR formative research · 2025Article
- Comparative analysis of stress levels and coping strategies in parents of neurodivergent and neurotypical children.Frontiers in child and adolescent psychiatry · 2025Article
- Effectiveness of Equine-Assisted Activities and Therapies for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: An Update.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- The mind, brain, and body study: A protocol for examining the effects of the gut-brain-immune axis on internalizing symptoms in youth exposed to caregiving-related early adversity.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2024Article
- Relationships between Anxiety, Repetitive Behavior and Parenting Stress: A Comparative Study between Individuals with Autism from Spain and Colombia.Brain sciences · 2024Article
- Chemical and non-chemical stressors in a postpartum cohort through wristband and self report data: Links between increased chemical burden, economic, and racial stress.Environment international · 2024Article
- Evaluating Family Coping Mechanisms in Pediatric Seizure Disorders: From Emergency Room to Long-Term Follow-Up.Pediatric reports · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Parental stress is a construct related to people's perception of difficulties and feelings of not being able to cope with the demands of parenting. This construct is often experienced as a negative or aversive response to parental obligations, and the available evidence also suggests that excessive parenting stress reduces the use of positive parenting behaviors and are related to dysfunctional parenting. Different instruments exist to assess parental stress. This article is part of a project to translate and adapt the Parenting Stress Index (PSI), fourth edition, in its two forms (full and short). The aim of this research is to identify the psychometric indicators obtained by this instrument and to review the evidence they can provide.
methodFollowing the PRISMA guide (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses), the studies related to the PSI were identified in different databases (ERIC, PsycArticles, PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science).
resultsThe screening process resulted in 16 articles; four have analyzed the psychometric properties of the PSI-4 and the rest have studied the PSI-3. Although version 4 was published in 2012, the studies are scarce. However, they follow the line noted in the previous short version, a high internal consistency and a factor structure of three factors.
conclusionsThe difficulties of working with a measurement instrument with 101 items means that the full version of the PSI has been little studied, except in translation and linguistic adaptation studies.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.