ArticleGenes2022
General Designs Reveal Distinct Codes in Protein-Coding and Non-Coding Human DNA.
Article in Genes, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 3 citations in OpenAlex.
- Emerging insights into enhancer RNAs: biogenesis, function, mechanism, and disease implication.Briefings in bioinformatics · 2026Review
- Profound Non-Randomness in Dinucleotide Arrangements within Ultra-Conserved Non-Coding Elements and the Human Genome.Biology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
This study seeks to investigate distinct signatures and codes within different genomic sequence locations of the human genome. The promoter and other non-coding regions contain sites for the binding of biological particles, for processes such as transcription regulation. The specific rules and sequence codes that govern this remain poorly understood. To derive these (codes), the general designs of sequence are investigated. Genomic signatures are a powerful tool for assessing the general designs of sequence, and cross-comparing different genomic regions for their distinct sequence properties. Through these genomic signatures, the relative non-random properties of sequences are also assessed. Furthermore, a binary components analysis is carried out making use of information theory ideas, to study the RY (purine/pyrimidine), WS (weak/strong) and KM (keto/amino) signatures in the sequences. From this comparison, it is possible to identify the relative importance of these properties within the various protein-coding and non-coding genomic locations. The results show that coding DNA has a strongly non-random WS signature, which reflects the genetic code, and the hydrogen-bond base pairing of codon-anti-codon interactions. In contrast, non-coding locations, such as the promoter, contain a distinct genomic signature. A prominent feature throughout non-coding DNA is a highly non-random RY signature, which is very different in nature to coding DNA, and suggests a structural-based RY code. This marks progress towards deciphering the unknown code(s) in non-protein-coding DNA, and a further understanding of the coding DNA. Additionally, it unravels how DNA carries information. These findings have implications for the most fundamental principles of biology, including knowledge of gene regulation, development and disease.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.