ReviewCancers2022
Targeted Therapy and Immunotherapy for Heterogeneous Breast Cancer.
Review in Cancers, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed.
- Molecular cartography of breast cancer: decoding genomes, heterogeneity and the tumor microenvironment for personalized targeted therapeutics.Molecular biology reports · 2026Review
- Current Study of Alpha-Mangostin in Breast Cancer Therapy: Antioxidant Mechanisms and Redox Modulation from In Silico to In Vivo Studies.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Metabolic enzymes and immune receptors as emerging checkpoints in breast cancer: mechanisms, clinical trials, and therapeutic implications.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Review
- Harnessing pyroptosis in breast cancer therapy: immunological mechanisms and emerging biomaterial strategies.Cell death discovery · 2026Review
- Single-cell analysis reveals that MXRA8 affected the progression of breast cancer via regulating ferroptosis.Cancer cell international · 2026Article
- Time-Dependent Loss of miR-548c-3p and Activation of E2F3/FOXM1 in Breast Cancer: In Vitro and TCGA-Based Evidence for a Post-Transcriptional Mechanism.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Immune system, inflammatory response, and regulated cell death in breast cancer research (Review).Oncology reports · 2026Review
- Single-Cell-Derived Tumor Organoid (STO) arrays on a microfluidic chip for personalized drug screening to address heterogeneity-induced drug resistance in colorectal cancer.Microsystems & nanoengineering · 2025Article
- Breast Cancer Progression and Its Theranostic Management via Folate-Directed Targeting of Glycoprotein Receptor.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Review
- Paracrine signaling in cancer-associated fibroblasts: central regulators of the tumor immune microenvironment.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Review
- Investigation ofIn silico pharmacology · 2025Article
- Sustained delivery of celecoxib from nanoparticles embedded in hydrogel injected into the biopsy cavity to prevent biopsy-induced breast cancer metastasis.Breast cancer research and treatment · 2024Article
- Benefits of adjuvant treatment with the Pingxiao capsule in patients with early breast cancer: A single‑center retrospective cohort study.Oncology letters · 2024Article
- Cutting-edge approaches for targeted drug delivery in breast cancer: beyond conventional therapies.Nanoscale advances · 2024Review
- Promising Effects ofMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- The potential role of nanomedicine in the treatment of breast cancer to overcome the obstacles of current therapies.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Review
- Editorial: Cancer stem cells as attractive targets for breast cancer therapy.Frontiers in oncology · 2023Article
- The application of radionuclide therapy for breast cancer.Frontiers in nuclear medicine · 2023Review
- miRNA deregulation and relationship with metabolic parameters after Mediterranean dietary intervention in BRCA-mutated women.Frontiers in oncology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most common malignancy in women worldwide, and it is a molecularly diverse disease. Heterogeneity can be observed in a wide range of cell types with varying morphologies and behaviors. Molecular classifications are broadly used in clinical diagnosis, including estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR), and breast cancer gene (BRCA) mutations, as indicators of tumor heterogeneity. Treatment strategies differ according to the molecular subtype. Besides the traditional treatments, such as hormone (endocrine) therapy, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy, innovative approaches have accelerated BC treatments, which contain targeted therapies and immunotherapy. Among them, monoclonal antibodies, small-molecule inhibitors and antibody-drug conjugates, and targeted delivery systems are promising armamentarium for breast cancer, while checkpoint inhibitors, CAR T cell therapy, cancer vaccines, and tumor-microenvironment-targeted therapy provide a more comprehensive understanding of breast cancer and could assist in developing new therapeutic strategies.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.