ArticleCancers2022
The Vessels That Encapsulate Tumor Clusters (VETC) Pattern Is a Poor Prognosis Factor in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma: An Analysis of Microvessel Density.
Article in Cancers, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed.
- Review
- Spatial analysis identifies LAMTOR2 overexpression in hepatocellular carcinoma with vessels encapsulating tumor clusters.Hepatology international · 2026Article
- MRI radiomics combined with clinical factors to predict vessels encapsulating tumor clusters and early recurrence in hepatocellular carcinoma (≤ 3 cm).BMC medical imaging · 2026Article
- Vessels That Encapsulate Tumor Cluster+ Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinomas Benefit of Antiangiogenic Therapy.Liver cancer · 2026Article
- Vessels encapsulating tumor clusters in hepatocellular carcinoma: a distinct metastatic pathway with diagnostic and therapeutic significance.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Review
- Machine-Learning Based Prognostic Model for Predicting Early Recurrence in HCC Patients After Hepatectomies: An Explainable AI Approach.Journal of hepatocellular carcinoma · 2026Article
- Gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI in hepatocellular carcinoma: a comprehensive review of diagnostic, surveillance, and treatment response prediction and assessment.Japanese journal of radiology · 2026Review
- An Update of Immunohistochemistry in Hepatocellular Carcinoma.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Spectral computed tomography parameters for predicting vessels encapsulating tumor clusters (VETC) pattern in hepatocellular carcinoma: a pilot study.Quantitative imaging in medicine and surgery · 2025Article
- Intravoxel Incoherent Motion Improves the Accuracy of Preoperative Prediction of Vessels Encapsulating Tumor Clusters in Hepatocellular Carcinoma.Journal of hepatocellular carcinoma · 2025Article
- Association between Vessels Encapsulating Tumor Clusters and Circulating Tumor Cells in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Clinical Evidence and Risk Model Development.International journal of medical sciences · 2025Observational
- Application Value of Enhanced CT Imaging Features in Predicting Vessels Encapsulating Tumor Clusters (VETC) Positivity in Hepatocellular Carcinoma.Current medical imaging · 2025Article
- Application of Intravoxel Incoherent Motion in the Prediction of Intra-Tumoral Tertiary Lymphoid Structures in Hepatocellular Carcinoma.Journal of hepatocellular carcinoma · 2025Article
- Identification of vessels encapsulating tumor clusters in solitary hepatocellular carcinoma via imaging biomarkers in preoperative contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging.Quantitative imaging in medicine and surgery · 2024Article
- Optimizing predictions: improved performance of preoperative gadobenate-enhanced MRI hepatobiliary phase features in predicting vessels encapsulating tumor clusters in hepatocellular carcinoma-a multicenter study.Abdominal radiology (New York) · 2024Article
- A multi-parametric prognostic model based on clinicopathologic features: vessels encapsulating tumor clusters and hepatic plates predict overall survival in hepatocellular carcinoma patients.Journal of translational medicine · 2024Article
- Nomogram prediction of vessels encapsulating tumor clusters in small hepatocellular carcinoma ≤ 3 cm based on enhanced magnetic resonance imaging.World journal of gastrointestinal oncology · 2024Article
- In Situ Nanofiber Patch Boosts Postoperative Hepatocellular Carcinoma Immune Activation by Trimodal Combination Therapy.ACS nano · 2024Article
- Deciphering the Prognostic and Therapeutic Value of a Gene Model Associated with Two Aggressive Hepatocellular Carcinoma Phenotypes Using Machine Learning.Journal of hepatocellular carcinoma · 2024Article
- Vessels that encapsulate tumour clusters vascular pattern in hepatocellular carcinoma.JHEP reports : innovation in hepatology · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The outcomes of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are unsatisfactory because of its high recurrence rate. The Vessels that encapsulate tumor clusters (VETC) pattern is a unique vascular structure. In this study, we investigated the clinical−pathological features of HCC patients with the VETC pattern. We retrospectively reviewed patients with HCC who underwent curative hepatectomy at Chang Gung Memorial Hospital between 2007 and 2013. The form of the VETC pattern was established using an anti-CD31 stain. The results were classified into positive (VETC+) and negative (VETC−) patterns. We investigated and compared demographic data between these two groups. Overall, 174 patients were classified into either the VETC+ or VETC− groups. The median followed-up period was 80.5 months. There were significant differences in the number of hepatitis B carriers, the occurrence of vascular invasion, tumor size, TNM staging, microvessel density, and recurrence (all p < 0.05). Regarding the prediction of disease-free survival, after COX regression multivariate analysis, VETC+ remained independently associated with recurrent episodes (p = 0.003). The intra-tumoral microvessel density, demonstrated by CD-31, was the only clinical−pathological feature independently associated with VETC+. Our study demonstrated that the VETC pattern is an independent factor of poor prognosis for DFS. Higher intra-tumoral microvessel density was significantly associated with the VETC pattern. Further studies are needed to validate our findings.
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