Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36357876›Full record

ArticleBMC pediatrics2022

Utility of illness symptoms for predicting COVID-19 infections in children.

Geena Y Zhou, Nicole Y Penwill, Grace Cheng, Prachi Singh, Ann Cheung, Minkyung Shin, Margaret Nguyen, Shalini Mittal, William Burrough, Mia-Ashley Spad and 3 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC pediatrics, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
0.3field-weighted citation impact, top 40% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed, 4 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Omicron in Infants-Respiratory or Digestive Disease?Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

Geena Y ZhouChildren's Hospital Los Angeles, 4650 Sunset Blvd, Los Angeles, CA, 90027, USA.
Nicole Y PenwillChildren's Hospital Colorado, 13123 E 16Th Ave, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA.
Grace ChengPalo Alto Medical Foundation, 370 Distel Circle, Los Altos, CA, 94022, USA.
Prachi SinghDepartment of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, 550 16th Street 4th Floor Box 0136, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA.
Ann CheungTufts Medical Center, 800 Washington St, Boston, MA, 02111, USA.
Minkyung ShinDepartment of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, 550 16th Street 4th Floor Box 0136, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA.
Margaret NguyenDepartment of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, 550 16th Street 4th Floor Box 0136, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA.
Shalini MittalDepartment of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, 550 16th Street 4th Floor Box 0136, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA.
William BurroughDepartment of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, 550 16th Street 4th Floor Box 0136, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA.
Mia-Ashley SpadDepartment of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, 550 16th Street 4th Floor Box 0136, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA.
Sarah BourneDepartment of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, 550 16th Street 4th Floor Box 0136, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA.
Naomi S Bardach *Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, 550 16th Street 4th Floor Box 0136, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA.
Emily R Perito *Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, 550 16th Street 4th Floor Box 0136, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA. emily.perito@ucsf.edu.
University of California, San Francisco · USChildren's Hospital of Los Angeles · USTufts Medical Center · USUniversity of Colorado Denver · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the American Academy of Pediatrics recommend that symptomatic children remain home and get tested to identify potential coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases. As the pandemic moves into a new phase, approaches to differentiate symptoms of COVID-19 versus other childhood infections can inform exclusion policies and potentially prevent future unnecessary missed school days.

methodsRetrospective analysis of standardized symptom and exposure screens in symptomatic children 0-18 years tested for SARS-CoV-2 at three outpatient sites April to November 2020. Likelihood ratios (LR), number needed to screen to identify one COVID-19 case, and estimated missed school days were calculated.

resultsOf children studied (N = 2,167), 88.9% tested negative. Self-reported exposure to COVID-19 was the only factor that statistically significantly increased the likelihood of a positive test for all ages (Positive LR, 5-18 year olds: 5.26, 95% confidence interval (CI): 4.37-6.33; 0-4 year olds: 5.87, 95% CI: 4.67-7.38). Across ages 0-18, nasal congestion/rhinorrhea, sore throat, abdominal pain, and nausea/vomiting/diarrhea were commonly reported, and were either not associated or had decreased association with testing positive for COVID-19. The number of school days missed to identify one case of COVID-19 ranged from 19 to 48 across those common symptoms.

conclusionsWe present an approach for identifying symptoms that are non-specific to COVID-19, for which exclusion would likely lead to limited impact on school safety but contribute to school-days missed. As variants and symptoms evolve, students and schools could benefit from reconsideration of exclusion and testing policies for non-specific symptoms, while maintaining testing for those who were exposed.

Indexed as

COVID-19AdolescentChildChild, PreschoolCOVID-19 TestingHumansInfantInfant, NewbornPandemicsRetrospective StudiesSARS-CoV-2United StatesCOVID-19SchoolScreeningSymptomsTestingTesting and exclusion

Identifiers

PMID36357876
PMCPMC9647749
OpenAlexW4308882407

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.