ArticlePloS one2022
IgG antibody responses to Anopheles gambiae gSG6-P1 salivary peptide are induced in human populations exposed to secondary malaria vectors in forest areas in Cameroon.
Article in PloS one, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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10 citing papers in PubMed, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Immunological surveillance using anti-gSG6-P1 IgG biomarker reveals spatio-temporal dynamics of Anopheles exposure and gaps in malaria risk assessment in the Greater Mekong Subregion.Parasite (Paris, France) · 2026Article
- Malaria antibody responses augment surveillance in low-transmission settings in the Upper River Region, the Gambia.Frontiers in epidemiology · 2026Article
- Durability and effectiveness of insecticide-treated nets in Mali: a longitudinal gSG6-P1 biomarker-based assessment of children's exposure to Anopheles bites.Malaria journal · 2025Article
- Antibody responses to gSG6-p1, AgSAP, and SAMSP1 following anopheline salivary exposure.Parasites & vectors · 2025Article
- Plasmodium Falciparum and mosquito vector IgG patterns across suspected malaria cases in Ghana.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Article
- À la carte: how mosquitoes choose their blood meals.Trends in parasitology · 2024Review
- Utility of plasma anti-gSG6-P1 IgG levels in determining changes in Anopheles gambiae bite rates in a rural area of Cameroon.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Immune responses to P falciparum antibodies in symptomatic malaria patients with variant hemoglobin genotypes in Ghana.BMC immunology · 2024Article
- Mosquito Salivary Antigens and Their Relationship to Dengue andPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Characterization of human exposure to Anopheles and Aedes bites using antibody-based biomarkers in rural zone of Cameroon.PloS one · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Human IgG antibody response to Anopheles gambiae gSG6-P1 salivary peptide was reported to be a pertinent indicator for assessing human exposure to mosquito bites and evaluating the risk of malaria transmission as well as the effectiveness of vector control strategies. However, the applicability of this marker to measure malaria transmission risk where human populations are mostly bitten by secondary vectors in Africa has not yet been evaluated. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether anti-gSG6-P1 antibodies response could be induced in humans living in forest areas in Cameroon where An. gambiae s.l is not predominant. In October 2019 at the pick of the rainy season, blood samples were collected from people living in the Nyabessang in the forest area in the South region of Cameroon. Malaria infection was determined using thick blood smear microscopy and Rapid Diagnostic Test. The level of IgG Anti-gSG6-P1 response as a biomarker of human exposure to Anopheles bite, was assessed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Mosquitoes were collected using the human landing catches to assess Anopheles density and for the identification of Anopheles species present in that area. IgG antibody response to the gSG6-P1 salivary peptide was detected in inhabitants of Nyabessang with high inter-individual heterogeneity. No significant variation in the level of this immune response was observed according to age and gender. The concentration of gSG6-P1 antibodies was significantly correlated with the malaria infection status and, Plasmodium falciparum-infected individuals presented a significantly higher level of IgG response than uninfected individuals (p = 0.0087). No significant difference was observed according to the use of insecticide treated nets. Out of the 1,442 Anopheles mosquitoes species collected, 849 (58.9%) were identified as An. paludis, 489 (33.91%) as An. moucheti, 28 (4.44%) as An. nili, 22 (2.08%) as An. gambiae s.l and 10 (0.69%) as An. marshallii. Our findings show that IgG response to An. gambiae gSG6-P1 peptide could be detected in humans exposed predominantly to An. moucheti and An. paludis bites. Taken together, the data revealed the potential of the Anti-gSG6-P1 IgG antibody response to serve as a universal marker to assess human exposure to any Anopheles species.
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