ArticleEuropean journal of medical research2022
Changes in serum levels of apelin and nitric oxide in hospitalized patients with COVID-19: association with hypertension, diabetes, obesity, and severity of disease.
Article in European journal of medical research, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Serum Apelin-13 and Galectin-3 in COVID-19: Associations With Routine Biochemical Parameters and Diagnostic Performance in a Case-Control Study.Journal of clinical laboratory analysis · 2026Article
- Impact of nutrition on long COVID.Sports medicine and health science · 2026Review
- Expression and diagnostic values of ferroptosis-related genes in coronavirus-associated viral sepsis.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Effect of SARS-CoV-2 Infection on Selected Parameters of the Apelinergic System in Repeat Blood Donors.Biomedicines · 2024Article
- Process-Specific Blood Biomarkers and Outcomes in COVID-19 Versus Non-COVID-19 ARDS (APEL-COVID Study): A Prospective, Observational Cohort Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Significance of nitrosative stress and glycoxidation products in the diagnosis of COVID-19.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Circulating Myokines as Novel Biomarkers for Cardiovascular Diseases.Reviews in cardiovascular medicine · 2024Review
- Therapeutic effects of multidisciplinary individualized treatment for COVID-19 patients: the experience of a supporting medical team in Wuhan.Journal of thoracic disease · 2023Article
- Exploring the Network between Adipocytokines and Inflammatory Response in SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Scoping Review.Nutrients · 2023Article
- Review
- SARS-CoV-2 Covid-19 Infection During Pregnancy and Differential DNA Methylation in Human Cord Blood Cells From Term Neonates.Epigenetics insights · 2023Article
- Low Ang-(1-7) and high des-Arg9 bradykinin serum levels are correlated with cardiovascular risk factors in patients with COVID-19.Open medicine (Warsaw, Poland) · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundCOVID-19 is an infectious disease currently spreading worldwide. The COVID-19 virus requires angiotensin-converting enzyme 2, an enzyme that plays a vital role in regulating the apelinergic system for entry into target cells. The underlying diseases of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and obesity are risk factors for the severity of COVID-19 infection. This study aimed to compare the serum levels of apelin and nitric oxide in hospitalized COVID-19 patients and non-COVID-19 subjects with and without the mentioned risk factors.
methodsSerum samples were taken from 69 COVID-19 patients and 71-matched non-COVID-19 participants enrolled in the Kerman coronary artery disease risk factors cohort study. Study participants were divided into eight groups of control (healthy), hypertension, diabetes mellitus, obesity, COVID-19, COVID-19 + hypertension, COVID-19 + diabetes mellitus, and COVID-19 + obesity (n = 15-20 in each group). Serum apelin and nitrite were measured by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and colorimetric methods, respectively.
resultsHypertensive and obese patients had lower serum apelin compared to the control group. In addition, apelin content was lower in the COVID-19 and COVID-19 + diabetes mellitus groups compared to the non-COVID-19 counterpart groups. Serum apelin levels were positively associated with arterial O
conclusionsThe lower apelin and nitric oxide levels in patients with hypertension and obesity or their reduction due to infection with COVID-19 or concomitant COVID-19 + diabetes mellitus may make them vulnerable to experiencing severe diseases.
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