ArticleInternational health2023
Inequalities in the prevalence of skilled birth attendance in Ghana between 1993 and 2014.
Article in International health, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Trends and inequalities in health facility deliveries among women of reproductive age in Ghana, 1993-2022.Frontiers in reproductive health · 2026Article
- Article
- Inequality in Utilization of Maternal Healthcare Services in Low‑ and Middle‑Income Countries: A Scoping Review of the Literature.Maternal and child health journal · 2025Article
- Urban-rural disparities in skilled birth attendance among women in Ethiopia: Multivariate decomposition analysis.PloS one · 2025Article
- A multilevel analysis of social determinants of skilled birth attendant utilisation among married and cohabiting women of Madagascar.International health · 2024Article
- Inequalities in utilization of maternal health services in Ethiopia: evidence from the PMA Ethiopia longitudinal survey.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- Socioeconomic and geographical inequalities in using skilled birth attendants during delivery in Bangladesh over two decades.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2023Article
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6 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundGlobally, maternal and neonatal health remains a public health priority, particularly for resource-constrained regions like sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Skilled birth attendance (SBA) is essential in promoting maternal and neonatal health. This study investigated the inequalities in the prevalence of SBA in Ghana using data from the Ghana Demographic and Health Survey (GDHS) between 1993 and 2014.
methodsData were analysed using the World Health Organization's Health Equity Assessment Toolkit software. In analysing the data, we first disaggregated SBA by four inequality stratifiers: wealth index, education, residence, and region. Second, we measured the inequality through summary measures, namely difference, population attributable risk, ratio, and population attributable fraction. A 95% confidence interval was constructed for point estimates to measure statistical significance.
resultsThroughout the period, SBA was highest among women in the highest wealth quintile and those with a secondary or higher level of education. The analysis also indicated that SBA was highly concentrated among urban residents in 1993 (80.78 [95% uncertainty interval {UI} 76.20-84.66]) and persisted to 2014 (91.55 [95% UI 88.80-93.68]). In 1993, Northern region recorded the lowest prevalence of SBA in Ghana (15.69 [95% UI 11.20-21.54]) and the region consistently recorded the lowest SBA prevalence even into 2014 (38.21 [95% UI 27.44-50.27]).
conclusionsThere are significant inequalities in SBA across education, wealth, residence, and region in Ghana. To enhance SBA, there is the need for policymakers and interventionists to design and develop targeted policies and programs that are tailored to the needs of the subpopulations at risk of low SBA: women with no formal education, those within the poorest wealth quintile, rural-dwelling women and women in the Northern region. This will facilitate the uptake of SBA and ultimately translate into the realization of Sustainable Development Goals 3.1 and 3.2.
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