ArticleActa pharmacologica Sinica2023
GDF11 promotes wound healing in diabetic mice via stimulating HIF-1ɑ-VEGF/SDF-1ɑ-mediated endothelial progenitor cell mobilization and neovascularization.
Article in Acta pharmacologica Sinica, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 53 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
53 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 78 citations in OpenAlex.
- Vascular endothelial growth factor levels in diabetic peripheral neuropathy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Pooled it
- Artificial intelligence-guided nanozyme engineering for chronic wound healing: from rational design to precision therapeutics.Bioactive materials · 2027Review
- Programming angiogenesis with tunable assemblies of multifunctional peptides.Science advances · 2026Article
- Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1α in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Perspectives.Biology · 2026Review
- GDF11 Regulates Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Phenotype Switching to Prevent Aortic Aneurysm Formation.Cardiovascular drugs and therapy · 2026Article
- Targeting angiogenesis in diabetic wound healing: New insight from chemical architecture to functional outcomes.Journal of pharmaceutical analysis · 2026Review
- Inflammation and wound healing: a comprehensive overview of mechanisms, therapeutic strategies, and translational perspectives.Biomarker research · 2026Review
- β‑Ecdysone-Loaded Gelatin Methacryloyl Hydrogel Accelerates Diabetic Wound Healing by Improving Angiogenesis.ACS omega · 2026Article
- 3D-printed PRP-infused double-network hydrogels orchestrate inflammation resolution and vascular regeneration in infected wounds.Materials today. Bio · 2026Article
- Divergent Associations of the VEGF (Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Article
- NIR Light-Driven Photocatalytic Antibacterial Hydrogels for Synergistic MRSA Biofilm Eradication and Wound Regeneration.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- OTUD1 delays wound healing by regulating endothelial function and angiogenesis in diabetic mice.Journal of advanced research · 2026Article
- Synergistic integration of exosomes and natural compounds in 3D-printed bioscaffolds: Revolutionizing diabetic wound healing through multifunctional therapeutic platforms.Iranian journal of basic medical sciences · 2026Review
- Research on the Role of Autophagy in Vascular Endothelial Cells in the Healing of Chronic Refractory Wounds.Biologics : targets & therapy · 2026Review
- Metabolic Symbiosis Between Cancer Cells and Endothelial Cells: A Key Driver of Tumor Angiogenesis.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2026Review
- Mitochondria-mediated inflammation and diabetic wound healing: mechanisms and therapeutic strategies.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
- Mechanisms and Interventions of Diabetic Wound Healing.Current diabetes reviews · 2026Review
- Erbin Inhibited AngiogenesisCurrent medicinal chemistry · 2026Article
- TAK1 activates PANoptosis through the NF-κB signalling pathway to delay diabetic wound healing.Burns & trauma · 2026Article
- Serum BAFF and GDF11: cross-sectional associations with glycolipid metabolism and subclinical carotid artery wall thickening in elderly type 2 diabetes patients.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
25 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Non-healing diabetic wounds (DW) are a serious clinical problem that remained poorly understood. We recently found that topical application of growth differentiation factor 11 (GDF11) accelerated skin wound healing in both Type 1 DM (T1DM) and genetically engineered Type 2 diabetic db/db (T2DM) mice. In the present study, we elucidated the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the action of GDF11 on healing of small skin wound. Single round-shape full-thickness wound of 5-mm diameter with muscle and bone exposed was made on mouse dorsum using a sterile punch biopsy 7 days following the onset of DM. Recombinant human GDF11 (rGDF11, 50 ng/mL, 10 μL) was topically applied onto the wound area twice a day until epidermal closure (maximum 14 days). Digital images of wound were obtained once a day from D0 to D14 post-wounding. We showed that topical application of GDF11 accelerated the healing of full-thickness skin wounds in both type 1 and type 2 diabetic mice, even after GDF8 (a muscle growth factor) had been silenced. At the cellular level, GDF11 significantly facilitated neovascularization to enhance regeneration of skin tissues by stimulating mobilization, migration and homing of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) to the wounded area. At the molecular level, GDF11 greatly increased HIF-1ɑ expression to enhance the activities of VEGF and SDF-1ɑ, thereby neovascularization. We found that endogenous GDF11 level was robustly decreased in skin tissue of diabetic wounds. The specific antibody against GDF11 or silence of GDF11 by siRNA in healthy mice mimicked the non-healing property of diabetic wound. Thus, we demonstrate that GDF11 promotes diabetic wound healing via stimulating endothelial progenitor cells mobilization and neovascularization mediated by HIF-1ɑ-VEGF/SDF-1ɑ pathway. Our results support the potential of GDF11 as a therapeutic agent for non-healing DW.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.