ArticleHIV medicine2022
Late diagnosis of HIV: An updated consensus definition.
Article in HIV medicine, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 57 papers.
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Who cites it
57 citing papers in PubMed, 78 citations in OpenAlex.
- Incident hypertension among adults on ART in Malawi: a nested cohort study.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Trial
- West Nile Virus in People with HIV: Immune Vulnerability, Neuroinvasive Disease, and Diagnostic Challenges.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2026Review
- Multi-country study on the impact of a revised consensus definition of late HIV diagnosis, Europe, 2022 to 2023.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2026Article
- [Missed opportunities in HIV detection: experience in a referral hospital].Revista espanola de quimioterapia : publicacion oficial de la Sociedad Espanola de Quimioterapia · 2026Observational
- New HIV diagnoses and risk factors for late HIV diagnosis, Finland, 2008-2023.Epidemiology and infection · 2026Article
- Missed Opportunities for HIV Testing in Hospitalised Adults in Türkiye: Indicator Conditions and Testing Coverage in a National Multicentre Point-Prevalence Survey (HIV-ICs-TR).Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Prevalence of late presentation of HIV among older adults in Asia: a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol.Systematic reviews · 2026Article
- Reevaluating late HIV diagnosis incorporating recent infection evidence: a population-based study in Southwest China (2020-2023).BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Association Between Changes in Socioeconomic Status Before and After Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection Diagnosis and Mortality Rates in Korea.Journal of Korean medical science · 2026Article
- Reasons for HIV testing in women diagnosed with HIV (2000-2023): insights from a 24-year retrospective cohort study in Barcelona, Spain.Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique · 2026Article
- Determinants of immune recovery and survival in HIV late presenters: a retrospective cohort study from Southwest China.AIDS research and therapy · 2026Article
- Long-term immune recovery under continuous antiretroviral therapy (ART) among ART-naive people living with HIV in two cohorts in Germany.Infection · 2026Article
- Expert consensus on the clinical management of HIV late presentation.Infectious diseases & immunity · 2026Article
- Men who have sex with men newly diagnosed with HIV-1 in Portugal (2023-2024): a comparative analysis of transmission clusters between migrants and non-migrants.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Risk factors for late HIV diagnosis in England, 2015-2023.HIV medicine · 2026Article
- Late diagnosis of paediatric HIV infection in high-income countries: Lessons from the HIV Perinatal Virtual Clinic.HIV medicine · 2026Article
- Late HIV Diagnosis and Associated Factors Among Newly Reported HIV/AIDS Cases AgedChina CDC weekly · 2026Article
- Association rule mining and network analysis of the evolving comorbidity patterns in HIV inpatients in Baise, China.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Decreasing Adult Prevalence of Advanced HIV Disease From 2 Population-Based HIV Impact Assessments in Eswatini, Lesotho, Malawi, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, and Zimbabwe, 2015-2023.Open forum infectious diseases · 2026Article
- HIV-1 late diagnosis in Cabo Verde: associated factors and implications for preventive strategies.Frontiers in epidemiology · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
19 authors at 13 institutions in 9 countries.
Funding
Abstract
introductionIn recent years, HIV testing frequency has increased, resulting in more people being diagnosed during seroconversion with a temporarily low CD4 count. Using the current consensus definition of late HIV presentation ('presenting for care with a CD4 count < 350 cells/μL or an AIDS-defining event, regardless of CD4 count') these individuals would be incorrectly assigned as being diagnosed late.
methodsIn spring 2022, a European expert group convened to revise the current late HIV presentation consensus definition. A survey on data availability to apply this revised definition was sent to nominated European focal points responsible for HIV surveillance (n = 53).
resultsExperts agreed that the updated definition should refer to late HIV diagnosis rather than presentation and include the following addition: People with evidence of recent infection should be reclassified as 'not late', with evidence of recent infection considered hierarchically. The individual must have: (i) laboratory evidence of recent infection; (ii) a last negative HIV test within 12 months of diagnosis; or (iii) clinical evidence of acute infection. People with evidence of being previously diagnosed abroad should be excluded. A total of 18 countries responded to the survey; 83% reported capturing CD4 count and/or AIDS at diagnosis through national surveillance, 67% captured last negative test and/or previous HIV diagnosis, 61% captured seroconversion illness at diagnosis and 28% captured incident antibody results.
conclusionsAccurate data on late diagnosis are important to describe the effects of testing programmes. Reclassification of individuals with recent infection will help to better identify populations most at risk of poor HIV outcomes and areas for intervention.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.