Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36343092›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of epidemiology2023

Epidemiology and trends in stroke mortality in the USA, 1975-2019.

Cande V Ananth, Justin S Brandt, Katherine M Keyes, Hillary L Graham, John B Kostis, William J Kostis

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of epidemiology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 49 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
49citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

49 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Back to the future: trace lead in ambient air from wood fuel combustion.Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Cande V AnanthDivision of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-0410-2595
Justin S BrandtDivision of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.
Katherine M KeyesDepartment of Epidemiology, Joseph L. Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
Hillary L GrahamDivision of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.
John B KostisCardiovascular Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.
William J KostisCardiovascular Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.

Funding

Ambient Air Pollution, Weather, and Placental Abruption (APWA)R01ES033190 · NIEHS · RUTGERS BIOMEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES · PI Cande V. Ananth · 2021 to 2026
$3.1M
Cardiovascular Health After Placental Abruption (CHAP)R01HL150065 · NHLBI · RUTGERS BIOMEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES · PI ANANTH, CANDE V., KOSTIS, WILLIAM J · 2020 to 2023
$2.8M
NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL150065NIEHS NIH HHS R01 ES033190
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundWhether changes in stroke mortality are affected by age distribution and birth cohorts, and if the decline in stroke mortality exhibits heterogeneity by stroke type, remains uncertain.

methodsWe undertook a sequential time series analysis to examine stroke mortality trends in the USA among people aged 18-84 years between 1975 and 2019 (n = 4 332 220). Trends were examined for overall stroke and by ischaemic and haemorrhagic subtypes. Mortality data were extracted from the US death files, and age-sex population data were extracted from US census. Age-standardized stroke mortality rates and incidence rate ratio (IRR) with 95% confidence interval [CI] were derived from Poisson regression models.

resultsAge-standardized stroke mortality declined for females from 87.5 in 1975 to 30.9 per 100 000 in 2019 (IRR 0.27, 95% CI 0.26, 0.27; average annual decline -2.78%, 95% CI -2.79, -2.78). Among males, age-standardized mortality rate declined from 112.1 in 1975 to 38.7 per 100 000 in 2019 (RR 0.26, 95% CI 0.26, 0.27; average annual decline -2.80%, 95% CI -2.81, -2.79). Stroke mortality increased sharply with advancing age. Decline in stroke mortality was steeper for ischaemic than haemorrhagic strokes.

conclusionsStroke mortality rates have substantially declined, more so for ischaemic than haemorrhagic strokes.

Indexed as

Hemorrhagic StrokeStrokeAge DistributionCensusesFemaleHumansIncidenceMaleMortalityage-period-cohort analysishaemorrhagic strokeischaemic strokemortalitysexStroke

Identifiers

PMID36343092
PMCPMC10244057

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.