ArticleAutism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research2023
Sleep problems in autism: Sex differences in the school-age population.
Article in Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cluster analysis based on sensory characteristics of children with autism spectrum disorder and its impact on emotional and behavioral manifestations and parenting stress.BMC psychiatry · 2026Article
- Early-life sleep disruption in Shank3-deficient rats: A preclinical model for autism-related sleep mechanisms and interventions.Translational psychiatry · 2026Article
- Sleep characteristics in young children with autism spectrum disorder: a case control study.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2026Article
- Association Between Vitamins Related to Brain Development and Sleep in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders.Nature and science of sleep · 2026Article
- Dimensional Validation of the Italian Revised Version of the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ-r) for Children and Adolescents with ASD.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2025Article
- Sleep Disorders and Constipation in Autistic Children and Youth: Who Receives Standard of Care Drug Treatments?Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2025Article
- Finding the Prevalence of Autism in Female Mental Illness: Improving Child Development for an Underdiagnosed and Undertreated Population.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Sleep Disturbances and Behavioral Problems in Children and Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder-A Systematic Review.Clinics and practice · 2025Review
- Quality of Life in Autistic Children: Discrepancies Between Self- and Caregiver-Proxy Reports and Associations With Individual Characteristics.Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research · 2025Article
- The Caregiver Concerns Questionnaire: A Tool to Target Care for Children on the Autism Spectrum.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2025Article
- The relationship between sleep difficulties and externalizing and internalizing problems in children and adolescents with mental illness.Journal of sleep research · 2025Article
- Sensory Profile-2 in Autism Spectrum Disorder: An Analysis within the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health Framework.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2025Article
- Sex Differences in Sleep and Physical Activity Patterns in Autism Spectrum Disorder.Clocks & sleep · 2024Article
- Sex differences in sleep deficits in mice with an autism-linked Shank3 mutation.Biology of sex differences · 2024Article
- Sleep and Autism: Current Research, Clinical Assessment, and Treatment Strategies.Focus (American Psychiatric Publishing) · 2024Article
- Autism Across the Lifespan.Focus (American Psychiatric Publishing) · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Clinically significant sleep problems affect up to 86% of the autistic population in school-age. Sleep problems can have negative impacts on child cognition, behavior, and health. However, sex differences in the prevalence and types of sleep problems are not well understood in autism. To evaluate sex differences in sleep problems in the school-age autistic population, we obtained parent-report of sleep problems on the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire and conducted direct assessments to establish diagnosis and intellectual ability in 6-12-year-old children (autism n = 250; typical development [TD] n = 114). Almost 85% of autistic females demonstrated sleep problems compared to 65.8% of autistic males, 44.8% of TD females, and 42.4% of TD males; a statistically significant increase for autistic females. Autistic females demonstrated increased bedtime resistance, sleep anxiety, and sleepiness, and decreased sleep duration, but did not differ in sleep onset delay, night wakings, parasomnias, or disordered breathing compared with autistic males. Intellectual ability was not related to increased sleep problems. Higher anxiety scores were associated with more sleep problems for males but not females. In one of the first studies to evaluate sex differences in sleep in the school-age, autistic population, autistic females demonstrated increased sleep problems compared to autistic males, TD females, and TD males. Current autism assessment and intervention practices may benefit from increased attention to sleep problems in autistic school-age females and to anxiety in autistic males to enhance well-being and behavioral and health outcomes.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.