ArticleFrontiers in neurology2022
Central sensorimotor integration assessment reveals deficits in standing balance control in people with chronic mild traumatic brain injury.
Article in Frontiers in neurology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- In People With Subacute Mild Traumatic Brain Injury, Earlier Physical Therapy Improved Symptoms at a Faster Rate Than Later Physical Therapy: Randomized Controlled Trial.Physical therapy · 2025Trial
- Reactive Balance Deficits Differ in People After Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Based on Chronicity of Self-Reported Symptoms.Neurorehabilitation and neural repair · 2026Article
- Article
- Assessment of balance control mechanisms in patient populations using perturbation-based modeling: a narrative review with clinical implications.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2026Review
- Acute and Longitudinal Effects of Concussion on Reactive Balance in Collegiate Athletes.Neurorehabilitation and neural repair · 2025Article
- The influence of sport-related concussion history on standing balance during upper limb movements under varying attentional demands.Experimental brain research · 2025Article
- Identification and Connectomic Profiling of Concussion Using Bayesian Machine Learning.Journal of neurotrauma · 2024Article
- Postural impairments in unilateral and bilateral vestibulopathy.Frontiers in neurology · 2024Article
- Development and validation of a two-dimensional pseudorandom balance perturbation test.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2024Article
- Asymmetry measures for quantification of mechanisms contributing to dynamic stability during stepping-in-place gait.Frontiers in neurology · 2023Article
- Anterior-posterior and medial-lateral balance metrics are unchanged when two-dimensional pseudorandom motion perturbations are provided in semicircular canal coordinates.Frontiers in neurologyArticle
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Imbalance is common following mild Traumatic Brain Injury (mTBI) and can persist months after the initial injury. To determine if mTBI subjects with chronic imbalance differed from healthy age- and sex-matched controls (HCs) we used both the Central SensoriMotor Integration (CSMI) test, which evaluates sensory integration, time delay, and motor activation properties and the standard Sensory Organization Test (SOT). Four CSMI conditions evoked center-of-mass sway in response to: surface tilts with eyes closed (SS/EC), surface tilts with eyes open viewing a fixed visual surround (SS/EO), visual surround tilts with eyes open standing on a fixed surface (VS/EO), and combined surface and visual tilts with eyes open (SS+VS/EO). The mTBI participants relied significantly more on visual cues during the VS/EO condition compared to HCs but had similar reliance on combinations of vestibular, visual, and proprioceptive cues for balance during SS/EC, SS/EO, and SS+VS/EO conditions. The mTBI participants had significantly longer time delays across all conditions and significantly decreased motor activation relative to HCs across conditions that included surface-tilt stimuli with a sizeable subgroup having a prominent increase in time delay coupled with reduced motor activation while demonstrating no vestibular sensory weighting deficits. Decreased motor activation compensates for increased time delay to maintain stability of the balance system but has the adverse consequence that sensitivity to both internal (e.g., sensory noise) and external disturbances is increased. Consistent with this increased sensitivity, SOT results for mTBI subjects showed increased sway across all SOT conditions relative to HCs with about 45% of mTBI subjects classified as having an "Aphysiologic" pattern based on published criteria. Thus, CSMI results provided a plausible physiological explanation for the aphysiologic SOT pattern. Overall results suggest that rehabilitation that focuses solely on sensory systems may be incomplete and may benefit from therapy aimed at enhancing rapid and vigorous responses to balance perturbations.
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