ArticleFrontiers in oncology2022
Deregulated bile acids may drive hepatocellular carcinoma metastasis by inducing an immunosuppressive microenvironment.
Article in Frontiers in oncology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- Letter to the Editor: Circadian and microbial misalignment in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease - mechanistic insights and chronotherapeutic potential.World journal of experimental medicine · 2026Article
- The gut-tumor connection: the role of microbiota in cancer progression and treatment strategies.Journal of advanced research · 2026Review
- miR-22-Galectin-1 as an integral signaling axis in regulating metabolism and immunity in HCC.Biomarker research · 2026Article
- The role of bile acid-activated receptor TGR5 in inflammation and liver diseases.Frontiers in physiology · 2026Review
- Gut microbiota in hepatocellular carcinoma immunotherapy: immune microenvironment remodeling and gut microbiota modification.Gut microbes · 2025Review
- The Roles and Clinical Significance of Major Hepatic-Derived Metabolites in Hepatocellular Carcinoma.Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology · 2025Review
- RBM17 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma progression by regulating lipid metabolism and immune microenvironment: implications for therapeutic targeting.Cell death discovery · 2025Article
- Review of the mechanisms of the biliary-enteric axis in the development of cholangiocarcinoma.World journal of clinical oncology · 2025Review
- [Bile acid metabolism and the occurrence and development of primary liver cancer].Zhonghua gan zang bing za zhi = Zhonghua ganzangbing zazhi = Chinese journal of hepatology · 2025Review
- The role of bile acid metabolism-related genes in prognosis assessment of hepatocellular carcinoma and identification of NPC1 as a biomarker.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Article
- Research advances in traditional Chinese medicine formulae and active components targeting lipid metabolism for hepatocellular carcinoma therapy.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Review
- Interplay between bile acids, gut microbiota, and the tumor immune microenvironment: mechanistic insights and therapeutic strategies.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Integrative multi-omics characterization of hepatocellular carcinoma in Hispanic patients.Journal of the National Cancer Institute · 2024Article
- Bile's Hidden Weapon: Modulating the Microbiome and Tumor Microenvironment.Current microbiology · 2024Review
- New insights into the mechanisms of the extracellular matrix and its therapeutic potential in anaplastic thyroid carcinoma.Scientific reports · 2024Review
- Hepatocellular carcinoma cells induce γδ T cells through metabolic reprogramming into tumor-progressive subpopulation.Frontiers in oncology · 2024Article
- Bile acids, gut microbiota, and therapeutic insights in hepatocellular carcinoma.Cancer biology & medicine · 2023Review
- Identification of hub genes and microRNAs with prognostic values in esophageal cancer by integrated analysis.Non-coding RNA research · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Bile acids (BAs) are physiological detergents that can not only promote the digestion and absorption of lipids, but also may be a potential carcinogen. The accumulation of BAs in the body can lead to cholestatic liver cirrhosis and even liver cancer. Recently, studies demonstrated that BAs are highly accumulated in metastatic lymph nodes, but not in normal healthy lymph nodes or primary tumors. Lymph node metastasis is second only to hematogenous metastasis in liver cancer metastasis, and the survival and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients with lymph node metastasis are significantly worse than those without lymph node metastasis. Meanwhile, component of BAs was found to significantly enhance the invasive potential of HCC cells. However, it is still poorly understood how deregulated BAs fuel the metastasis process of liver cancer. The tumor microenvironment is a complex cellular ecosystem that evolves with and supports tumor cells during their malignant transformation and metastasis progression. Aberrant BAs metabolism were found to modulate tumor immune microenvironment by preventing natural killer T (NKT) cells recruitment and increasing M2-like tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) polarization, thus facilitate tumor immune escape and HCC development. Based on these available evidence, we hypothesize that a combination of genetic and epigenetic factors in cancerous liver tissue inhibits the uptake and stimulates the synthesis of BAs by the liver, and excess BAs further promote liver carcinogenesis and HCC metastasis by inducing immunosuppressive microenvironment.
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