Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36338466›Full record

ArticleAJPM focus2022

Improvement in Fitted Filtration Efficiency of N95 Respirators With Escalating Instruction of the Wearer.

Hao Chen, Edward R Pennington, Martin W Case, Haiyan Tong, Ana G Rappold, James M Samet, Steven E Prince

Erratum issuedOpen access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in AJPM focus, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 7 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
1.1field-weighted citation impact, top 23% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 7 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Variation in the fitted filtration efficiency of disposable face masks by sex.Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology · 2025
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Observational
  6. Review
  7. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Hao ChenOak Ridge Institute for Science Education, Oak Ridge, Tennessee.
Edward R PenningtonOak Ridge Institute for Science Education, Oak Ridge, Tennessee.
Martin W CasePublic Health and Integrated Toxicology Division, Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina.
Haiyan TongPublic Health and Integrated Toxicology Division, Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina.
Ana G RappoldPublic Health and Integrated Toxicology Division, Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina.
James M SametPublic Health and Integrated Toxicology Division, Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina.
Steven E PrincePublic Health and Environmental Systems Division, Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina.
Environmental Protection Agency · USOak Ridge Associated Universities · US

Funding

Intramural EPA EPA999999
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Introduction: Fitted filtration performance of an N95 respirator may benefit from differing levels of instructions. Methods: Using a modified Occupational Safety and Health Administration fit test protocol, we measured fitted filtration efficiency for an N95 respirator in 21 screened, healthy participants given 4 levels of escalating instruction: (1) uninstructed (baseline), (2) written/pictorial manufacturer instructions, (3) step-by-step video demonstration, and (4) staff instruction (visual inspection of respirator fit and verbal suggestions to adjust when applicable). Results: Baseline fitted filtration efficiency was not significantly different between participants with or without previous experience of N95 use. Clear improvements in fitted filtration efficiency were observed progressing from baseline (average=86.1%) to manufacturer paper instructions (93.3%), video instructions (97.5%), and post staff intervention (98.3%). Baseline fitted filtration efficiency values were significantly lower than those after video instruction (p<0.037) and staff intervention (p<0.033) sessions. Conclusions: Beyond uninstructed wear or provision of manufacturer instructions, efforts to train and instruct users in proper respirator fit principles with visual feedback are likely to yield benefits to public health outcomes in reducing respiratory exposure during air quality emergencies such as airborne viral outbreaks and wildland fires.

Identifiers

PMID36338466
PMCPMC9628765
OpenAlexW4286512354

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.