ReviewBrain, behavior, and immunity2023
Tools for studying human microglia: In vitro and in vivo strategies.
Review in Brain, behavior, and immunity, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- Metabolic reprogramming of microglia: Effects on development, disease, and therapeutic potential.Neural regeneration research · 2026Article
- Human-specific SRGAP2 paralogs synchronize neotenic microglial maturation and synaptic development.Neuron · 2026Article
- Microglial maturation across human and mouse as a reference for interpreting large-animal models of perinatal brain injury.Pediatric research · 2026Review
- Microglia-associated progression of multiple sclerosis: target identification and therapeutic engagement in human in vitro models.Experimental & molecular medicine · 2026Review
- Exploring retinal microglia: development, degeneration, and iPSC-derived model systems.Brain structure & function · 2026Review
- Microglia derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells are regulated by osteopontin, an endogenous extracellular matrix protein maintaining immune homeostasis.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2026Article
- New approach methodologies (NAMs) to support regulatory assessment of developmental immunotoxicity - a new PARC project.Frontiers in toxicology · 2026Review
- Investigation of CNS damage following HIV infection and methamphetamine exposure using human iPSC-derived microglia and 3D cerebral assembloid models.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Extracellular tau clearance is governed by its aggregation state and independent of microglial activation by LPS and IFN-γ.Neurobiology of disease · 2025Article
- Chronic alcohol consumption induces phenotypic and functional alterations consistent with a hyper-inflammatory state in peripheral blood mononuclear cell-derived microglia in a rhesus macaque model.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2025Article
- Induced Microglial-like Cells Derived from Familial and Sporadic Alzheimer's Disease Peripheral Blood Monocytes Show Abnormal Phagocytosis and Inflammatory Response to PSEN1 E280A Cholinergic-like Neurons.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- All Fired Up: Microglial Neuroinflammation in Parkinson's Disease.Biological psychiatry · 2025Article
- Priming and release of cytokine IL-1β in microglial cells from the retina.Experimental eye research · 2025Article
- The prototypical interferonopathy: Aicardi-Goutières syndrome from bedside to bench.Immunological reviews · 2024Review
- An Overview of Multiple Sclerosis In Vitro Models.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Human-specific paralogs of SRGAP2 induce neotenic features of microglia structural and functional maturation.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Translational implications of CHRFAM7A, an elusive human-restricted fusion gene.Molecular psychiatry · 2024Review
- P38-DAPK1 axis regulated LC3-associated phagocytosis (LAP) of microglia in an in vitro subarachnoid hemorrhage model.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2023Article
- Leveraging iPSC technology to assess neuro-immune interactions in neurological and psychiatric disorders.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2023Review
- Asteroid impact: the potential of astrocytes to modulate human neural networks within organoids.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Microglia may only represent 10% of central nervous system (CNS) cells but they perform critical roles in development, homeostasis and neurological disease. Microglia are also environmentally regulated, quickly losing their transcriptomic and epigenetic signature after leaving the CNS. This facet of microglia biology is both fascinating and technically challenging influencing the study of the genetics and function of human microglia in a manner that recapitulates the CNS environment. In this review we provide a comprehensive overview of existing in vitro and in vivo methodology to study human microglia, such as immortalized cells lines, stem cell-derived microglia, cerebral organoids and xenotransplantation. Since there is currently no single method that completely recapitulates all hallmarks of human ex vivo adult homeostatic microglia, we also discuss the advantages and limitations of each existing model as a practical guide for researchers.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.