ArticleAdvances in genetics2022
RecBCD enzyme and Chi recombination hotspots as determinants of self vs. non-self: Myths and mechanisms.
Article in Advances in genetics, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- Gabija restricts phage circularization and DNA replication.Cell host & microbe · 2026Article
- Chi hotspot control of RecBCD enzyme requires a RecB tether-RecC groove crosspoint interaction.Genetics · 2026Article
- Gabija restricts phages that antagonize a conserved host DNA repair complex.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Lambdoid phages with abundant Chi recombination hotspots reflect diverse viral strategies for recombination-dependent growth.Genome research · 2025Article
- Debunking the dogma that RecBCD nuclease destroys phage.Genetics · 2025Article
- RecA-dependent or independent recombination of plasmid DNA generates a conflict with the host EcoKI immunity by launching restriction alleviation.Nucleic acids research · 2024Article
- Chi hotspot Control of RecBCD Helicase-nuclease: Enzymatic Tests Support the Intramolecular Signal-transduction Model.Journal of molecular biology · 2024Article
- RecBCD enzyme: mechanistic insights from mutants of a complex helicase-nuclease.Microbiology and molecular biology reviews : MMBR · 2023Review
- Cas1-Cas2 physically and functionally interacts with DnaK to modulate CRISPR Adaptation.Nucleic acids research · 2023Article
- CRISPR-Cas adaptation in Escherichia coli.Bioscience reports · 2023Review
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Bacteria face a challenge when DNA enters their cells by transformation, mating, or phage infection. Should they treat this DNA as an invasive foreigner and destroy it, or consider it one of their own and potentially benefit from incorporating new genes or alleles to gain useful functions? It is frequently stated that the short nucleotide sequence Chi (5' GCTGGTGG 3'), a hotspot of homologous genetic recombination recognized by Escherichia coli's RecBCD helicase-nuclease, allows E. coli to distinguish its DNA (self) from any other DNA (non-self) and to destroy non-self DNA, and that Chi is "over-represented" in the E. coli genome. We show here that these latter statements (dogmas) are not supported by available evidence. We note Chi's wide-spread occurrence and activity in distantly related bacterial species and phages. We illustrate multiple, highly non-random features of the genomes of E. coli and coliphage P1 that account for Chi's high frequency and genomic position, leading us to propose that P1 selects for Chi's enhancement of recombination, whereas E. coli selects for the preferred codons in Chi. We discuss other, previously described mechanisms for self vs. non-self determination involving RecBCD and for RecBCD's destruction of DNA that cannot recombine, whether foreign or domestic, with or without Chi.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.