ArticleBMC complementary medicine and therapies2022
Long-term evaluation of safety and biological effects of Korean Red Ginseng (Panax Ginseng): a long-term in vivo study.
Article in BMC complementary medicine and therapies, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Efficacy ofNutrients · 2023Pooled it
- Korean red ginseng extract ameliorates high-fat diet-induced hyperlipidemia by modulating the gut microbiota-liver metabolic axis.Journal of ginseng research · 2026Article
- Hepatoprotective Activity of the Fruits ofNutrients · 2025Article
- Antiviral potential of ginseng: Targeting human pathogenic viruses with compounds derived from ginseng.Journal of ginseng research · 2025Review
- Ginseng and its functional components in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: therapeutic effects and multi-target pharmacological mechanisms.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Review
- Plant-based supplements in enhancing exercise performance and recovery.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Review
- Therapeutic Potential of Herbal Medicines in Combating Particulate Matter (PM)-Induced Health Effects: Insights from Recent Studies.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAlthough Korean Red Ginseng (KRG) is safe, this finding was only evaluated in 3-mo-long studies. Its safety was verified through a 6-mo KRG administration clinical study, but long-term studies beyond 6 mo are insufficient. This study investigated the safety and efficacy of 12-mo KRG administration.
methodsIn this study, 300 mg/kg of KRG was administered to male and female Sprague Dawley rats for 4, 8, and 12 mo to evaluate its efficacy and safety. Clinical signs, including pathological examination and haematological analyses, were observed. Flow cytometric analyses were utilised to analyse spleen and thymus immune cell counts after 12 mo. Proteomic analysis of the sera was performed using a nanospray-interfaced mass spectrometer with an 11-plex Tandem Mass Tag (TMT) labelling system. Bioinformatic analysis was then performed using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis and PANTHER. Data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD032036.
resultsNo significant body and organ weight changes were observed, and haematological and serum biochemical analyses did not show clinical significance. The effectiveness of long-term KRG administration was confirmed through increased immune cell distribution and activity. Changes in proteins correlated with viral infection reduction were confirmed through proteomic analysis.
conclusionThe results suggested that 12-mo KRG intake is safe, improves immune system activity, and reduces viral infections with no significant changes in toxicological aspects.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.