Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36333648›Full record

ArticleEJNMMI radiopharmacy and chemistry2022

Radiolabeling and quality control of therapeutic radiopharmaceuticals: optimization, clinical implementation and comparison of radio-TLC/HPLC analysis, demonstrated by [

Eline L Hooijman, Carolline M Ntihabose, Thom G A Reuvers, Julie Nonnekens, Else A Aalbersberg, Jordy R J P van de Merbel, Judith E Huijmans, Stijn L W Koolen, Jeroen J M A Hendrikx, Erik de Blois

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in EJNMMI radiopharmacy and chemistry, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
20citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

20 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Tailored Reaction Conditions and Automated Radiolabeling of [International journal of molecular sciences · 2025
    Article
  8. Article
  9. First real-world clinical experience with [European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging · 2025
    Article
  10. Ac-225 radiochemistry through the lens of [EJNMMI radiopharmacy and chemistry · 2025
    Article
  11. [EJNMMI radiopharmacy and chemistry · 2024
    Article
  12. Review
  13. Review
  14. Review
  15. Targeted Alpha Therapy: All We Need to Know aboutPharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023
    Review
  16. Article
  17. Review
  18. Review
  19. Optimization ofEJNMMI radiopharmacy and chemistry · 2023
    Article
  20. Improved quality control of [EJNMMI radiopharmacy and chemistry · 2023
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Eline L HooijmanDepartment of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC, 3015 CN, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Carolline M NtihaboseDepartment of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC, 3015 CN, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Thom G A ReuversDepartment of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC, 3015 CN, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Julie NonnekensDepartment of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC, 3015 CN, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Else A AalbersbergDepartment of Nuclear Medicine, The Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI-AVL), Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Jordy R J P van de MerbelDepartment of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC, 3015 CN, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Judith E HuijmansApotheek A15, Buys Ballotstraat 2, 4207 HT, Gorinchem, The Netherlands.
Stijn L W KoolenDepartment of Hospital Pharmacy, Erasmus MC, 3015 CN, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Jeroen J M A HendrikxDepartment of Nuclear Medicine, The Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI-AVL), Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Erik de BloisDepartment of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC, 3015 CN, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. r.deblois@erasmusmc.nl.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0659-7819

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundRadiopharmaceuticals are considered as regular medicinal products and therefore the same regulations as for non-radioactive medicinal products apply. However, specific aspects should be considered due to the radiochemical properties. Radiopharmaceutical dedicated monographs are developed in the European Pharmacopoeia to address this. Currently, different quality control methods for non-registered radiopharmaceuticals are utilized, often focusing on radio-TLC only, which has its limitations. When the radiochemical yield (RCY) is measured by radio-TLC analysis, degradation products caused by radiolysis are frequently not detected. In contrast, HPLC analysis defines the radiochemical purity (RCP), allowing for detection of peak formation related to radiolysis. During the introduction and optimization phase of therapeutic radiopharmaceuticals, significant percentages of impurities, like radiolysed construct formation, may have consequential impact on patient treatment. Since more hospitals and institutes are offering radiopharmaceutical therapies, such as [

resultsDownscaled conditions (74 MBq/μg) were in concordance to clinical conditions (18 GBq/250 µg, 5 mL syringe/100 mL flacon); all results were consistent with an > 98% RCY (radio-TLC) and stability of > 95% RCP (HPLC). Radio-TLC did not identify radiolysis peaks, while clear identification was performed by HPLC analysis. Decreasing the RCP with 50%, reduced the cell-binding capacity with 27%.

conclusionThis research underlines the importance of the radiolabeling and optimization including clinical implementation and clarifies the need for cross-validation of the RCY and RCP for quality control measurements. Only HPLC analysis is suitable for identification of radiolysis. Here we have proven that radiolysed [

Indexed as

[177Lu]Lu-PSMAHPLC analysisQuality controlRadiolysisRadiopharmaceutical productionRadio-TLC analysis

Identifiers

PMID36333648
PMCPMC9636342

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.