Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36333427›Full record

ArticleCommunications biology2022

Chromosome-scale assemblies of the male and female Populus euphratica genomes reveal the molecular basis of sex determination and sexual dimorphism.

Shanhe Zhang, Zhihua Wu, De Ma, Juntuan Zhai, Xiaoli Han, Zhenbo Jiang, Shuo Liu, Jingdong Xu, Peipei Jiao, Zhijun Li

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Communications biology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
24citing papers in PubMed
4.9field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

24 citing papers in PubMed, 31 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Genome-Wide Identification of theInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2026
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Identification of theInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2026
    Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Characterisation of theInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025
    Article
  13. Identification of thePlants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025
    Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

Shanhe Zhang *College of Life Sciences and Technology, Tarim University/Key Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Biological Resources in Tarim Basin, Xinjiang Production & Construction Corps/Research Center of Populus Euphratica, Aral, 843300, China.ORCID 0000-0002-8248-0081
Zhihua Wu *College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, China.ORCID 0000-0002-2895-7256
De Ma *Novogene Bioinformatics Institute, Beijing, 100083, China.ORCID 0000-0003-2317-2457
Juntuan ZhaiCollege of Life Sciences and Technology, Tarim University/Key Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Biological Resources in Tarim Basin, Xinjiang Production & Construction Corps/Research Center of Populus Euphratica, Aral, 843300, China.ORCID 0000-0003-3179-7617
Xiaoli HanCollege of Life Sciences and Technology, Tarim University/Key Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Biological Resources in Tarim Basin, Xinjiang Production & Construction Corps/Research Center of Populus Euphratica, Aral, 843300, China.ORCID 0000-0002-0025-9026
Zhenbo JiangCollege of Life Sciences and Technology, Tarim University/Key Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Biological Resources in Tarim Basin, Xinjiang Production & Construction Corps/Research Center of Populus Euphratica, Aral, 843300, China.
Shuo LiuHubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Protection and Application of Special Plant Germplasm in Wuling Area of China, College of Life Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, 430074, China.ORCID 0000-0002-4348-248X
Jingdong XuHubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Protection and Application of Special Plant Germplasm in Wuling Area of China, College of Life Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, 430074, China.
Peipei JiaoCollege of Life Sciences and Technology, Tarim University/Key Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Biological Resources in Tarim Basin, Xinjiang Production & Construction Corps/Research Center of Populus Euphratica, Aral, 843300, China. jiaopeipei2000@126.com.ORCID 0000-0003-3598-1104
Zhijun LiCollege of Life Sciences and Technology, Tarim University/Key Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Biological Resources in Tarim Basin, Xinjiang Production & Construction Corps/Research Center of Populus Euphratica, Aral, 843300, China. lizhijun0202@126.com.ORCID 0000-0003-1328-405X
Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps · CNMinzu University of China · CNNovogene Bioinformatics Institute · CNZhejiang Normal University · CN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Reference-quality genomes of both sexes are essential for studying sex determination and sex-chromosome evolution, as their gene contents and expression profiles differ. Here, we present independent chromosome-level genome assemblies for the female (XX) and male (XY) genomes of desert poplar (Populus euphratica), resolving a 22.7-Mb X and 24.8-Mb Y chromosome. We also identified a relatively complete 761-kb sex-linked region (SLR) in the peritelomeric region on chromosome 14 (Y). Within the SLR, recombination around the partial repeats for the feminizing factor ARR17 (ARABIDOPSIS RESPONSE REGULATOR 17) was potentially suppressed by flanking palindromic arms and the dense accumulation of retrotransposons. The inverted small segments S1 and S2 of ARR17 exhibited relaxed selective pressure and triggered sex determination by generating 24-nt small interfering RNAs that induce male-specific hyper-methylation at the promoter of the autosomal targeted ARR17. We also detected two male-specific fusion genes encoding proteins with NB-ARC domains at the breakpoint region of an inversion in the SLR that may be responsible for the observed sexual dimorphism in immune responses. Our results show that the SLR appears to follow proposed evolutionary dynamics for sex chromosomes and advance our understanding of sex determination and the evolution of sex chromosomes in Populus.

Indexed as

PopulusGenome, PlantSex CharacteristicsSex Chromosomes

Identifiers

PMID36333427
PMCPMC9636151
OpenAlexW4308450625

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.