Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36331211›Full record

ReviewExpert review of medical devices2022

Closed-loop insulin delivery: update on the state of the field and emerging technologies.

Julia Ware, Roman Hovorka

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Expert review of medical devices, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
13citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Observational
  7. Article
  8. Automated Insulin Delivery for Type 1 Diabetes: Present and Future.Diabetes spectrum : a publication of the American Diabetes Association · 2025
    Article
  9. Review
  10. Observational
  11. Review
  12. Review
  13. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Julia WareWellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-4497-0979
Roman HovorkaWellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.ORCID 0000-0003-2901-461X

Funding

One year day-and-night home closed loop in young people with type 1 diabetesUC4DK108520 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE · PI BERGENSTAL, RICHARD MAURITZ, BUCKINGHAM, BRUCE A · 2015 to 2015
$6.3M
NIDDK NIH HHS UC4 DK108520
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionOver the last five years, closed-loop insulin delivery systems have transitioned from research-only to real-life use. A number of systems have been commercialized and are increasingly used in clinical practice. Given the rapidity of new developments in the field, understanding the capabilities and key similarities and differences of current systems can be challenging. This review aims to provide an update on the state of the field of closed-loop insulin delivery systems, including emerging technologies. AREAS COVERED: We summarize key clinical safety and efficacy evidence of commercial and emerging insulin-only hybrid closed-loop systems for type 1 diabetes. A literature search was conducted and clinical trials using closed-loop systems during free-living conditions were identified to report on safety and efficacy data. We comment on emerging technologies and adjuncts for closed-loop systems, as well as non-technological priorities in closed-loop insulin delivery. EXPERT OPINION: Commercial hybrid closed-loop insulin delivery systems are efficacious, consistently improving glycemic control when compared to standard therapy. Challenges remain in widespread adoption due to clinical inertia and the lack of resources to embrace technological developments by health care professionals.

Indexed as

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1InsulinBlood GlucoseBlood Glucose Self-MonitoringHumansInsulin Infusion SystemsBlood GlucoseInsulinArtificial pancreasautomated insulin deliverycontinuous glucose monitoringhybrid closed-loopinsulin pumptype 1 diabetes

Identifiers

PMID36331211
PMCPMC9780196

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.