ReviewLupus2023
Literature review of lupus nephritis From the Arabian Gulf region.
Review in Lupus, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Risk factors for acute kidney injury in Chinese patients with lupus nephritis: a meta-analysis.BMC nephrology · 2026Pooled it
- Tailoring KDIGO guidelines for lupus nephritis to the real world: a stratified and cost-aware approach.Clinical kidney journal · 2026Review
- Clinical outcomes and prognostic factors in lupus nephritis: impact of remission on renal and overall survival in a single-center study.BMC nephrology · 2026Article
- Forgotten compartment: Impact of tubulointerstitial inflammation and damage on renal outcomes in lupus nephritis from Saudi Arabia.World journal of experimental medicine · 2026Article
- Article
- Glomerular Crescents in Adult Lupus Nephritis: Clinical and Pathological Insights From Saudi Arabia.TheScientificWorldJournal · 2026Article
- Unveiling the Financial Burden of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Management in Saudi Arabia: Insights from a Single-Center Study.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Prevalence and determinants of hearing loss in systemic lupus erythematosus: A cross-sectional study in a tertiary care center in Saudi Arabia.Saudi medical journal · 2025Article
- Organ Damage and Its Associated Factors in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Journal of clinical medicine research · 2025Article
- Human herpesvirus type 6 in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.Iranian journal of microbiology · 2024Article
- Machine Learning Approach for Predicting Systemic Lupus Erythematosus in an Oman-Based Cohort.Sultan Qaboos University medical journal · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionThe severity of lupus nephritis (LN) varies between different ethnicities. However, there are limited data regarding disease severity for LN in patients from the Arabian Gulf region; moreover, there are no treatment guidelines developed specifically for this population. The objective of this review was to characterise the incidence of LN, current treatment practices, the severity of LN, and the pathophysiology and biomarkers associated with LN in the Arabian Gulf region.
methodsA literature search using EMBASE was conducted in October, 2021 to identify publications reporting on the incidence, treatment practices, severity, pathophysiology or biomarkers associated with LN, from countries in the Arabian Gulf region (including Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates). Additional relevant publications were provided by collaborators. A manual review of the publications was conducted to determine their relevance and data on the outcomes of interest were extracted.
resultsOf 3705 publications, 54 publications were identified as relevant. LN is one of the most commonly diagnosed renal diseases within the Arabian Gulf and approximately 10%-36% of all renal biopsies are for LN. Treatment patterns within the region appear to vary and generally follow treatment guidelines recommended by the Asia Pacific League of Associations for Rheumatology (APLAR), the European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology (EULAR) and Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO). The majority of patients receive cyclophosphamide for induction therapy, whilst others receive mycophenolate mofetil. Most studies showed that the most frequently diagnosed class of LN within the Arabian Gulf region was Class IV (up to 63% of patients with LN). Sustained or increased levels of serum creatinine and proteinuria; and depressed levels of complement C3/C4 were commonly seen among patients with LN from the Arabian Gulf region.
conclusionsThis review identified that LN may manifest more severely among patients from the Arabian Gulf region than in other populations, such as Caucasian populations. A greater understanding of LN and the treatment practices within the region, as well as the development of more specific treatment guidelines for this population may help improve outcomes for patients with LN in the Arabian Gulf region.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.