ArticlePsychological medicine2023
Metabolomic disorders: confirmed presence of potentially treatable abnormalities in patients with treatment refractory depression and suicidal behavior.
Article in Psychological medicine, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Intragenic deletions from whole genome sequencing of 1054 suicide deaths.Research square · 2026Article
- Folate Receptor Alpha Autoantibodies in Vector-Borne Disease Populations.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- The relationship between vitamin B9 (folate) supplementation and suicidality: a scoping review.The mental health clinician · 2026Review
- Metabolic profiling in major depressive disorder with high psychological resilience: changes in amino acid and carbohydrate metabolism.BMC psychiatry · 2026Article
- Metabolic dysfunction and insulin resistance in depression: mechanisms, evidence, and therapeutic implications.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Review
- Grape Seed Extract Pretreatment Prevents Mitochondrial Dysfunction and NLRP3 Inflammasome-Induced Inflammatory Response in Glial Cells Exposed to Paroxetine and Quinolinic Acid.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Article
- Cerebrospinal fluid metabolomics, lipidomics and serine pathway dysfunction in myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndroome (ME/CFS).Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Ketogenic metabolic therapy in the remission of chronic major depressive disorder: a retrospective case study.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- Cardiovascular disease and depression as mediators between red blood cell distribution width to albumin ratio and cognitive impairment in older adults.Frontiers in physiology · 2025Article
- Folate Receptor Alpha Autoantibodies in the Pediatric Acute-Onset Neuropsychiatric Syndrome (PANS) and Pediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorders Associated with Streptococcal Infections (PANDAS) Population.Journal of personalized medicine · 2024Article
- Binding Folate Receptor Alpha Autoantibody Is a Biomarker for Leucovorin Treatment Response in Autism Spectrum Disorder.Journal of personalized medicine · 2024Article
- Metabolic features of treatment-refractory major depressive disorder with suicidal ideation.Translational psychiatry · 2023Article
- Recent Progress in Mass Spectrometry-Based Metabolomics in Major Depressive Disorder Research.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
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11 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundRefractory depression is a devastating condition with significant morbidity, mortality, and societal cost. Approximately 15% of patients with major depressive disorder are refractory to currently available treatments. We hypothesized metabolic abnormalities contributing to treatment refractory depression are associated with distinct findings identifiable in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Our hypothesis was confirmed by a previous small case-controlled study. Here we present a second, larger replication study.
methodsWe conducted a case-controlled, targeted, metabolomic evaluation of 141 adolescent and adult patients with well-characterized history of depression refractory to three maximum-dose, adequate-duration medication treatments, and 36 healthy controls. Plasma, urine, and CSF metabolic profiling were performed by coupled gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, and high-performance liquid chromatography, electrospray ionization, tandem mass spectrometry.
resultsAbnormalities were identified in 67 of 141 treatment refractory depression participants. The CSF abnormalities included: low cerebral folate (
conclusionsExamination of metabolic disorders in treatment refractory depression identified an unexpectedly large proportion of patients with potentially treatable abnormalities. The etiology of these abnormalities and their potential roles in pathogenesis remain to be determined.
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