Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36330347›Full record

ReviewFrontiers in neuroscience2022

Perivascular spaces as a potential biomarker of Alzheimer's disease.

Miranda Lynch, William Pham, Benjamin Sinclair, Terence J O'Brien, Meng Law, Lucy Vivash

Abstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Frontiers in neuroscience, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
30citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

30 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Review
  6. G-ALPS: An index for evaluating cognitive decline and aging using diffusion tensor imaging.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026
    Article
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. The association between enlarged perivascular spaces and muscle sympathetic nerve activity in normotensive and hypertensive humans.Clinical autonomic research : official journal of the Clinical Autonomic Research Society · 2025
    Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Cerebral small vessel disease: The impact of glymphopathy and sleep disorders.Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism · 2025
    Review
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Miranda LynchDepartment of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
William PhamDepartment of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Benjamin SinclairDepartment of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Terence J O'BrienDepartment of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Meng LawDepartment of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Lucy VivashDepartment of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a highly damaging disease that affects one's cognition and memory and presents an increasing societal and economic burden globally. Considerable research has gone into understanding AD; however, there is still a lack of effective biomarkers that aid in early diagnosis and intervention. The recent discovery of the glymphatic system and associated Perivascular Spaces (PVS) has led to the theory that enlarged PVS (ePVS) may be an indicator of AD progression and act as an early diagnostic marker. Visible on Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), PVS appear to enlarge when known biomarkers of AD, amyloid-β and tau, accumulate. The central goal of ePVS and AD research is to determine when ePVS occurs in AD progression and if ePVS are causal or epiphenomena. Furthermore, if ePVS are indeed causative, interventions promoting glymphatic clearance are an attractive target for research. However, it is necessary first to ascertain where on the pathological progression of AD ePVS occurs. This review aims to examine the knowledge gap that exists in understanding the contribution of ePVS to AD. It is essential to understand whether ePVS in the brain correlate with increased regional tau distribution and global or regional Amyloid-β distribution and to determine if these spaces increase proportionally over time as individuals experience neurodegeneration. This review demonstrates that ePVS are associated with reduced glymphatic clearance and that this reduced clearance is associated with an increase in amyloid-β. However, it is not yet understood if ePVS are the outcome or driver of protein accumulation. Further, it is not yet clear if ePVS volume and number change longitudinally. Ultimately, it is vital to determine early diagnostic criteria and early interventions for AD to ease the burden it presents to the world; ePVS may be able to fulfill this role and therefore merit further research.

Indexed as

Alzheimer’s disease (AD)amyloid-betaAPOE4Aquaporin 4 (AQP4)enlarged perivascular spaces (ePVS)glymphatic systemperivascular space (PVS)tau

Identifiers

PMID36330347
PMCPMC9623161

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.