ArticleBMC oral health2022
Risk indicators for dental caries, and gingivitis among 6-11-year-old children in Nigeria: a household-based survey.
Article in BMC oral health, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Dental Biofilm-Induced Gingivitis in Children and Adolescents Without Known Systemic Involvement: A Systematic Review.Journal of clinical periodontology · 2026Pooled it
- Prevalence of dental caries in the primary, mixed and permanent dentitions in Nigeria: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2026Pooled it
- A systematic review and meta-analysis of the association between sugar intake and dental caries in Nigeria.BMC oral health · 2024Pooled it
- Dental fear, anxiety, oral hygiene and dental caries in Al Ahsa, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: a hospital-based cross-sectional study.The Saudi dental journal · 2026Article
- The perspectives of teachers on barriers to optimum oral health: a qualitative study.BMC oral health · 2026Article
- Predicting plaque-gingivitis risk in schoolchildren using an interpretable machine learning model: a cross-sectional study.BMC oral health · 2025Article
- Periodontal health status and influencing factors among 12- and 15-year-old adolescents: evidence from a cross-sectional study in Guizhou province, China (2019-2020).BMC oral health · 2025Article
- Altered Surrogate Markers of Inflammation in Perinatal HIV-Exposed Children with Caries.JDR clinical and translational research · 2025Article
- Dental Caries Status of Children and Adolescents in West Africa-A Literature Review.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Risk indicators for dental caries among preschoolers, school children/adolescents and adults in Nigeria: a scoping review.BMC oral health · 2025Article
- Gingivitis in children and adolescents: epidemiological overview and associated factors-A narrative review.Frontiers in oral health · 2025Review
- Gingivitis and Its Causes in Children Aged 3-7 Years.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Child dental neglect and legal protections: a compendium of briefs from policy reviews in 26 countries and a special administrative region of China.Frontiers in oral health · 2023Review
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThere is little is known about the factors associated with caries experience and gingivitis among 6-11-year-old children in Nigeria. The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence and preventive oral health behaviors associated with caries and gingivitis among 6-11-year-old children in Nigeria.
methodsA cross-sectional questionnaire-based survey was conducted in Ile-Ife, Nigeria. The dependent variables were caries and gingivitis. The dmft/DMFT index was used to assess dental caries experience (present or absent) and caries severity. The gingival index was used to assess the prevalence (present or absent) and severity of gingivitis (healthy gingiva/mild gingivitis versus moderate/severe gingivitis). The independent variables were preventive oral health behaviors (frequency of daily tooth brushing, frequency of consumption of refined carbohydrates in-between-meals, use of fluoridated toothpaste, and use of dental floss, history of dental service utilization). A series of logistic regression analysis models were constructed to determine the associations between the dependent and independent variables after adjusting for confounders (age, sex, and socioeconomic status).
resultsThere were 69 (5.2%) children with caries. The mean (standard deviation) dmft was 0.08 (0.457) and the mean DMFT was 0.02 (0.159). There were 839 (63.3%) children with gingivitis with a mean (SD) gingival index score of 0.503 (0.453). Children who seldom or never used fluoride toothpaste had significantly higher odds of developing moderate to severe gingivitis (AOR; 1.671; 95% CI: 1.003-2.786; p = 0.049). Children with middle socio-economic status had significantly lower odds of developing moderate to severe gingivitis (AOR: 0.573; 95%CI: 0.330-0.994; p = 0.048). There were no risk indicators identified for caries.
conclusionThe prevalence of dental caries was low while the prevalence of gingivitis was high in the study population. The daily used of fluoridated toothpaste seem to reduce the risk for moderate/severe gingivitis. Further studies are needed to understand these findings.
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