Observational studyBMC public health2022
Association between preterm births and socioeconomic development: analysis of national data.
Observational study in BMC public health, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.
- Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning for predicting Major Obstetric Emergencies: Current Evidence, Clinical Translation, and Future Directions.International journal of women's health · 2026Review
- Factors associated with the interruption of exclusive breastfeeding and weaning in premature infants after hospital discharge: a prospective cohort study.Revista latino-americana de enfermagem · 2026Article
- Prematurity and Low Birth Weight Among Food-Secure and Food-Insecure Households: A Comparative Study in Surabaya, Indonesia.Nutrients · 2025Article
- Fine Particulate Matter, Its Constituents, and Spontaneous Preterm Birth.JAMA network open · 2024Article
- Podocyte involvement in the pathogenesis of preterm-related long-term chronic kidney disease.Histology and histopathology · 2024Review
- Predicting preterm birth using auto-ML frameworks: a large observational study using electronic inpatient discharge data.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe increasing prevalence of preterm birth, which is a global phenomenon, is attributable to the increased medical indications, artificial gestations, and some socioeconomic factors. This study was conducted to identify whether development and equality indices are associated with the incidence of preterm birth, specifically, spontaneous and elective preterm births.
methodsThis retrospective observational study comprised an analysis of data on live births from 2019 in Brazil and on socioeconomic indices that were derived from census information in 2017. Data were summarised using absolute and relative frequencies. Spearman's correlation was used to determine the correlation between socioeconomic factors and the preterm birth rate. Multiple beta regression analysis was performed to determine the best model of socioeconomic covariates and preterm birth rate. The significance level was set at 5%.
resultsIn 2019 in Brazil, the preterm birth rate was 11.03%, of which 58% and 42% were spontaneous and elective deliveries, respectively. For all preterm births, Spearman's correlation varied from ρ = 0.4 for the Gini Index and ρ = - 0.24 for illiteracy. The best fit modelled the spontaneous preterm birth fraction as a negative function of the Human Development Index (HDI). The best-fit model considered the expected elective preterm birth fraction as a positive function of the HDI and as a negative function of the Gini Index, which was used as a precision parameter.
conclusionsWe observed a reduction in the fraction of spontaneous preterm births; however, the distribution was not uniform in the territory: higher rates of spontaneous preterm birth were noticed in the north, northeast, and mid-west regions. Thus, areas with lower education levels and inequal income distribution have a higher proportion of spontaneous preterm birth. The fraction of elective preterm birth was positively associated with more advantaged indices of socioeconomic status.
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