Trial reportScientific reports2022
Effect of vitamin D3 supplementation on cellular immunity and inflammatory markers in COVID-19 patients admitted to the ICU.
Trial report in Scientific reports, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05092698 (The Efficacy of Vitamin D Supplementation in Patients With Severe and Extremely Severe COVID-19), which is not on this map. Cited by 21 papers, 9 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
The Efficacy of Vitamin D Supplementation in Patients With Severe and Extremely Severe COVID-19
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 9 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- Vitamin D deficiency and immune health in polar populations: a systematic review and hypothesis-driven narrative analysis.Immunologic research · 2025Pooled it
- Pooled it
- The Effect of Vitamin D Supplementation Post COVID-19 Infection and Related Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Nutrients · 2024Pooled it
- The impact of vitamin D administration on mortality in COVID-19 patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Inflammopharmacology · 2024Pooled it
- Effect of Vitamin D3 Supplementation on Severe COVID-19: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials.Nutrients · 2024Pooled it
- Pooled it
- The impact of supplementing vitamin D through different methods on the prognosis of COVID-19 patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in nutrition · 2024Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Effect of vitamin D supplementation on COVID-19 patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in nutrition · 2023Pooled it
- Vitamin D as an Immuno-Endocrine Modulator: Discovering Its Role in Autoimmune Disorders and Host Defense Mechanisms.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Identification of Shared Gene Signatures Associated with Alzheimer's Disease and COVID-19 through Bioinformatics Analysis.Combinatorial chemistry & high throughput screening · 2026Article
- Vitamin D May Increase the Number of CD4-CD8+ NKT-like Cells in Humans-A Novel Insight into Potential Immunomodulatory Action.Nutrients · 2025Article
- Review
- Type 1 Diabetes Autoimmunity: To What Extent Vitamin D is Beneficial.Biochemistry research international · 2025Review
- Vitamin D Supplementation in Critically Ill-Narrative Review.Nutrients · 2024Review
- Efficacy of vitamin D supplementation in the treatment of patients with COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2024Review
- The Link between Inflammation, Lipid Derivatives, and Microbiota Metabolites in COVID-19 Patients: Implications on Eating Behaviors and Nutritional Status.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Osteopontin neutralization increases vitamin D receptors on NKT cells and ameliorates liver fibrosis by promoting their activity.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Article
- Vitamin D supplementations and mortality among patients with moderate/severe COVID-19: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Journal of research in medical sciences : the official journal of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences · 2024Review
- Comparative analysis of COVID-19 responses in Japan and Africa: diet, phytochemicals, vitamin D, and gut microbiota in reducing mortality-A systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in nutrition · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Vitamin D as an immunomodulator has not been studied in patients with severe COVID-19. This study aimed to estimate the efficacy of vitamin D3 supplementation on cellular immunity and inflammatory markers in patients with COVID-19 admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). A single-center, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled pilot trial was conducted (N = 110). Patients were randomly assigned to receive a weekly oral dose of 60,000 IU of vitamin D3 followed by daily maintenance doses of 5000 IU (n = 55) or placebo (n = 55). Primary outcomes were lymphocyte counts, natural killer (NK) and natural killer T (NKT) cell counts, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and serum levels of inflammatory markers on 7th day of treatment. On day 7, patients in the vitamin D3 group displayed significantly higher NK and NKT cell counts and NLR than those in the placebo group did. The mortality rate (37% vs 50%, P = 0.16), need for mechanical ventilation (63% vs 69%, P = 0.58), incidence of nosocomial infection (60% vs 41%, P = 0.05) did not significantly differ between groups. Vitamin D3 supplementation, compared with placebo, significantly increased lymphocyte counts, but did not translate into reduced mortality in ICU.Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05092698.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.