Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36329093›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2022

110 GHz, 110 mW hybrid silicon-lithium niobate Mach-Zehnder modulator.

Forrest Valdez, Viphretuo Mere, Xiaoxi Wang, Nicholas Boynton, Thomas A Friedmann, Shawn Arterburn, Christina Dallo, Andrew T Pomerene, Andrew L Starbuck, Douglas C Trotter and 2 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
5.6field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed, 66 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Article
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  4. Review
  5. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Forrest ValdezDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, MC 0407, La Jolla, CA, USA. fgvaldez@eng.ucsd.edu.
Viphretuo MereDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, MC 0407, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Xiaoxi WangDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, MC 0407, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Nicholas BoyntonSandia National Laboratories, Applied Microphotonic Systems, Albuquerque, NM, 87185, USA.
Thomas A FriedmannSandia National Laboratories, Applied Microphotonic Systems, Albuquerque, NM, 87185, USA.
Shawn ArterburnSandia National Laboratories, Applied Microphotonic Systems, Albuquerque, NM, 87185, USA.
Christina DalloSandia National Laboratories, Applied Microphotonic Systems, Albuquerque, NM, 87185, USA.
Andrew T PomereneSandia National Laboratories, Applied Microphotonic Systems, Albuquerque, NM, 87185, USA.
Andrew L StarbuckSandia National Laboratories, Applied Microphotonic Systems, Albuquerque, NM, 87185, USA.
Douglas C TrotterSandia National Laboratories, Applied Microphotonic Systems, Albuquerque, NM, 87185, USA.
Anthony L LentineSandia National Laboratories, Applied Microphotonic Systems, Albuquerque, NM, 87185, USA.
Shayan MookherjeaDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, MC 0407, La Jolla, CA, USA. smookherjea@ucsd.edu.
Sandia National Laboratories California · USUniversity of California, San Diego · US

Funding

NASA 80NSSC17K0166Office of Naval Research N00014-21-1-2805U.S. Department of Defense HR001120S0008
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

High bandwidth, low voltage electro-optic modulators with high optical power handling capability are important for improving the performance of analog optical communications and RF photonic links. Here we designed and fabricated a thin-film lithium niobate (LN) Mach-Zehnder modulator (MZM) which can handle high optical power of 110 mW, while having 3-dB bandwidth greater than 110 GHz at 1550 nm. The design does not require etching of thin-film LN, and uses hybrid optical modes formed by bonding LN to planarized silicon photonic waveguide circuits. A high optical power handling capability in the MZM was achieved by carefully tapering the underlying Si waveguide to reduce the impact of optically-generated carriers, while retaining a high modulation efficiency. The MZM has a [Formula: see text] product of 3.1 V.cm and an on-chip optical insertion loss of 1.8 dB.

Identifiers

PMID36329093
PMCPMC9633645
OpenAlexW4308275046

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.