Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36326480›Full record

ArticleBrain and behavior2022

Mental health literacy among primary healthcare workers in South Africa and Zambia.

Joonas Korhonen, Anna Axelin, Dan J Stein, Soraya Seedat, Lonia Mwape, Ronelle Jansen, Gunter Groen, Gerhard Grobler, Astrid Jörns-Presentati, Jouko Katajisto and 2 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Brain and behavior, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
17citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

17 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Mental health literacy among nurses at community health centers in rural Rwanda.International journal of mental health systems · 2026
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  10. Assessing the mental health literacy of healthcare workers at a Johannesburg tertiary hospital.The South African journal of psychiatry : SAJP : the journal of the Society of Psychiatrists of South Africa · 2025
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  16. Knowledge, confidence, and practices of clinical associates in the management of mental illness.The South African journal of psychiatry : SAJP : the journal of the Society of Psychiatrists of South Africa · 2023
    Article
  17. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Joonas KorhonenHealth and Well-being, Turku University of Applied Science, Turku, Finland.ORCID 0000-0002-5324-1727
Anna AxelinDepartment of Nursing Science, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
Dan J SteinSAMRC Unit on Risk & Resilience in Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry & Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
Soraya SeedatDepartment of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa.
Lonia MwapeLevy Mwanawasa Medical University, School of Nursing and Midwifery Sciences, Lusaka, Zambia.
Ronelle JansenSchool of Nursing, Faculty of Health Science, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa.
Gunter GroenDepartment of Social Work, Faculty of Business and Social Sciences, University of Applied Sciences, Hamburg, Germany.
Gerhard GroblerDepartment of Psychiatry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Tshwane, South Africa.
Astrid Jörns-PresentatiDepartment of Social Work, Faculty of Business and Social Sciences, University of Applied Sciences, Hamburg, Germany.
Jouko KatajistoDepartment of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
Mari LahtiHealth and Well-being, Turku University of Applied Science, Turku, Finland.
MEGA Consortium/Research TeamHealth and Well-being, Turku University of Applied Science, Turku, Finland.

Funding

Erasmus+ Capacity Building 585827-EPP-1-2017-1-FI-EPPKA2-CBHE-JPEuropean Commission
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundIn developing countries, mental health literacy (MHL) still needs to be improved due to the high prevalence of mental disorders. It is widely recognized that MHL can improve health outcomes for both individuals and populations. Healthcare professionals' development in MHL is crucial to the prevention of mental disorders. The aim of this study was to assess MHL of primary healthcare (PHC) workers in South Africa (SA) and Zambia and determinants thereof. Limited evidence is available on the levels of MHL among PHC workers in the sub-Saharan Africa region, which faces a large burden of mental disorders.

methodsThe study population for this cross-sectional survey comprised PHC workers (n = 250) in five provinces of SA and Zambia. MHL was measured with the Mental Health Literacy Scale (MHLS). We conducted a multivariate analysis to explore determinants of MHL.

resultsResults showed moderate MHL among PHC professionals, but with a wide range from low to high MHL. Knowledge-related items had a greater dispersion than other attributes of MHL. PHC workers with more education showed a greater ability to recognize mental health-related disorders. Those who had experience in the use of mental health-related assessment scales or screening tools reported a higher total MHL. The results confirmed strong internal consistency for the MHLS.

conclusionThe results highlighted varying mental health perceptions and knowledge in PHC. Implementation of specifically developed formal training programs and interventions to improve MHL in PHC workers to strengthen their competence may help bridge the treatment gap.

Indexed as

Health LiteracyCross-Sectional StudiesHealth PersonnelHumansMental HealthSouth AfricaZambiahealth literacyknowledgelow-income countrymental health disorderprimary care

Identifiers

PMID36326480
PMCPMC9759138

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.