ArticleFrontiers in immunology2022
Six-month humoral immune response to inactivated COVID-19 vaccine among people living with HIV.
Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 11 papers.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed.
- Seroconversion Rates Following COVID-19 Vaccination in People Living with HIV: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Vaccines · 2026Review
- Characteristics of humoral and T-cell immune responses in people living with HIV after breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant infection during December 2022 to January 2023.Virologica Sinica · 2026Article
- Risk of thyroid dysfunction after COVID-19 vaccination: meta-analysis of 11 million individuals.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2025Article
- The Current Status in Terms of Vaccination for Individuals Infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus.Viruses · 2025Review
- People living with HIV with the Omicron variant infection have milder COVID-19 symptoms: results from a cross-sectional study.AIDS research and therapy · 2024Article
- Longevity of the humoral and cellular responses after SARS-CoV-2 booster vaccinations in immunocompromised patients.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2024Article
- SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccine Response in People Living with HIV According to CD4 Count and CD4/CD8 Ratio.Vaccines · 2023Article
- Living with HIV and Getting Vaccinated: A Narrative Review.Vaccines · 2023Review
- A tale of two conditions: when people living with HIV meet three doses of inactivated COVID-19 vaccines.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Dynamics of CD4Infection and drug resistance · 2023Article
- The safety and immunogenicity of a two-dose schedule of CoronaVac, and the immune persistence of vaccination for six months, in people living with HIV: A multicenter prospective cohort study.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Longitudinal humoral immune response to inactivated COVID-19 vaccines among people living with HIV (PLWH) have not yet been systematically investigated. We conducted a 6-month longitudinal study among vaccinated PLWH and HIV-Negative Controls (HNC) to determine whether the humoral immune response effects of the inactivated COVID-19 vaccine are different between the two groups of people. Totally, 46 PLWH and 38 HNC who received the inactivated COVID-19 vaccine on days 0 and 28 were enrolled. The SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) and total specific IgM and IgG antibodies were examined on Day 0-Day190. The level and positive seroconversion rate of nAbs peaked on Day 42 in HNC while peaked on Day 70 in PLWH, then decreased gradually with the extension of the vaccination period after the peaks. The peak level of nAbs in PLWH on Day 70, (GMC 8.07 BAU/mL, 95% CI 5.67-11.48) was significantly lower than in HNC on Day 42 (GMC 18.28 BAU/mL, 95% CI 10.33-32.33, P =0.03). The decrease in the geometric mean concentrations (GMCs) of nAbs was observed as 42.9% in PLWH after peak level, which decreased from 8.07 BAU/mL [95% CI: 5.67-11.48] on Day 70 to 4.61 BAU/mL [95% CI: 3.35-6.34] on Day 190 (p = 0.02). On Day 190, only seven (18%, [95% CI: 6-40]) HNC and five (11%, [95% CI: 4-25]) PLWH maintained positive nAbs response respectively. The geometric mean ELISA units (GMEUs) and positive seroconversion rate of IgG in PLWH dropped significantly from Day 70 (GMEUs, 0.20 EU/mL, [95% CI: 0.13-0.34]; seroconversion, 52%, [95% CI: 34-69]) to Day 190 (GMEUs, 0.05 EU/mL, [95% CI: 0.03-0.08], P<0.001; seroconversion, 18%, [95% CI: 8-33], P<0.001). There was no significant difference in levels and seroconversion rates of nAbs and IgG between the two groups on Day 190. The peak immunogenicity of the inactivated COVID-19 vaccine was delayed and inferior in PLWH compared to HNC, while no significant difference was found in six-month immunogenicity between the two groups.
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