ReviewFrontiers in immunology2022
The affinity of antigen-binding domain on the antitumor efficacy of CAR T cells: Moderate is better.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 70 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
70 citing papers in PubMed.
- Fine-tuning affinity and spacer design enhances T cell potency in DLL3 and BCMA CAR T cells.mAbs · 2026Article
- Validation and analysis of 12,000 AI-driven CAR-T designs in the Bits to Binders competition.Molecular systems biology · 2026Article
- Multi-dimensional orchestration of binders for improved CAR-T immunotherapy.Cancer letters · 2026Review
- Co-expression of non-signaling CARs enhances EGFRvIII-specific CAR T-cell cytotoxicity against head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.BMC cancer · 2026Article
- Computational design of optimized and preferentially paired human TCR constant regions for improved T cell function.Science advances · 2026Article
- Pediatric AML CAR T cell therapy.Molecular therapy. Oncology · 2026Review
- A synthetic NKG2A engager enables long-term persistence of HLA-deficient allogeneic engineered Tregs.EMBO molecular medicine · 2026Article
- Engagement of the TCR against an oncolytic virus generates a population of effector CAR T cells with potent antitumor activity.Science advances · 2026Article
- A generalizable system for antigenic peptide targeting across HLA-I allotypes.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Antigen-binding affinity is a key determinant of the durable antitumor activity of CD5 CAR-T cells.Molecular therapy. Oncology · 2026Article
- Validation and analysis of 12,000 AI-driven CAR-T designs in thebioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- CD4-Based Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR)-T Cells With Resistance to HIV-1 Infection and Enhanced Anti-HIV Efficacy: Covalent Interaction Between CD4-CAR and HIV-1 Envelope Glycoprotein.Journal of medical virology · 2026Article
- Next-generation CAR-T and CAR-NK cell therapies in hematologic malignancies: engineering for persistence, specificity, and safety.Discover oncology · 2026Review
- Peptide ligase-mediated display: A cell-free platform for tunable selection of affinity peptides.PNAS nexus · 2026Article
- Balancing Intrinsic and Extrinsic Factors in CD8Immune network · 2026Review
- Review
- Engineering Immunity: Current Progress and Future Directions of CAR-T Cell Therapy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Microsystem technologies for accelerating the discovery and translation of immunotherapies.Nature reviews. Drug discovery · 2026Review
- Advancing Cancer Immunotherapy: Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR)-T Cell Engineering through Novel Screening Methods.Biomolecules & therapeutics · 2026Review
- A fully human IgG1 antibody targeting MICA α1 domain inhibits interaction with NKG2D and activates immune effector functions against MICA-expressing cells.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
10 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The overall efficacy of chimeric antigen receptor modified T cells (CARTs) remain limited in solid tumors despite intensive studies that aim at targeting multiple antigens, enhancing migration, reducing tonic signaling, and improving tumor microenvironment. On the other hand, how the affinity and engaging kinetics of antigen-binding domain (ABD) affects the CART's efficacy has not been carefully investigated. In this article, we first analyzed 38 published solid tumor CART trials and correlated the response rate to their ABD affinity. Not surprisingly, majority (25 trials) of the CARTs utilized high-affinity ABDs, but generated merely 5.7% response rate. In contrast, 35% of the patients treated with the CARTs built from moderate-affinity ABDs had clinical responses. Thus, CARTs with moderate-affinity ABDs not only have less off-target toxicity, but also are more effective. We then reviewed the effects of ABD affinity on the biology and function of CARTs, providing further evidence that moderate-affinity ABDs may be better in CART development. In the end, we propose that a fast-on/fast-off (high
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.