ArticleBMJ open2022
Life after COVID-19: the road from intensive care back to living - a prospective cohort study.
Article in BMJ open, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Recovery of lung function during the first year after COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis.European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society · 2025Pooled it
- Rehabilitation and Social Determinants of Health in Critical Illness Recovery Literature: A Systematic Review.Critical care explorations · 2024Pooled it
- The global prevalence of depression, anxiety, and sleep disorder among patients coping with Post COVID-19 syndrome (long COVID): a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC psychiatry · 2024Pooled it
- Language Barriers and Other Determinants of Post-Intensive Care Unit Follow-Up: A 5-Year Review.Mayo Clinic proceedings. Innovations, quality & outcomes · 2026Article
- Health-related quality of life of adult post COVID-19 condition patients three years after infection and patient characteristics associated with change over time: a longitudinal analysis from the CORFU study.Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation · 2025Article
- Observational
- Development and internal validation of a prediction model for post-COVID-19 condition 2 years after infection-results of the CORFU study.Diagnostic and prognostic research · 2025Article
- Optimal timing for assessing post-intensive care syndrome in clinical research: a scoping review and expert survey.Journal of intensive care · 2025Article
- More self-efficacy is associated with longitudinally higher health-related quality of life in mechanically ventilated COVID-19 ICU survivors: The prospective MaastrICCht cohort.Nursing in critical care · 2025Article
- First episode of psychiatric and neuropsychiatric disease among patients infected with COVID-19: A scoping review.PCN reports : psychiatry and clinical neurosciences · 2025Review
- Health-Related Quality of Life One Year After Intensive Care Unit Admission for COVID-19: A Retrospective, Cross-Sectional, Longitudinal Observational Study.Health science reports · 2025Article
- Effectiveness of a Person-Centered Interdisciplinary Rehabilitation Treatment of Post-COVID-19 Condition: Protocol for a Single-Case Experimental Design Study.JMIR research protocols · 2024Article
- Health Status and COVID-19 Epidemiology in an Inland Region of Portugal: A Retrospective Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2024Article
- Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesThe aim of the study was to evaluate recovery of participation in post-COVID-19 patients during the first year after intensive care unit (ICU) discharge. The secondary aim was to identify the early determinants associated with recovery of participation.
designProspective cohort study.
settingCOVID-19 post-ICU inpatient rehabilitation in the Netherlands, during the first epidemic wave between April and July 2020, with 1-year follow-up.
participantsCOVID-19 ICU survivors ≥18 years of age needing inpatient rehabilitation.
main outcome measuresParticipation in society was assessed by the 'Utrecht Scale for Evaluation of Rehabilitation-Participation' (USER-P) restrictions scale. Secondary measures of body function impairments (muscle force, pulmonary function, fatigue (Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory), breathlessness (Medical Research Council (MRC) breathlessness scale), pain (Numerical Rating Scale)), activity limitations (6-minute walking test, Patient reported outcomes measurement information system (PROMIS) 8b), personal factors (coping (Utrecht Proactive Coping Scale), anxiety and depression (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale), post-traumatic stress (Global Psychotrauma Screen-Post Traumatic Stress Disorder), cognitive functioning (Checklist for Cognitive Consequences after an ICU-admission)) and social factors were used. STATISTICAL ANALYSES: linear mixed-effects model, with recovery of participation levels as dependent variable. Patient characteristics in domains of body function, activity limitations, personal and social factors were added as independent variables.
resultsThis study included 67 COVID-19 ICU survivors (mean age 62 years, 78% male). Mean USER-P restrictions scores increased over time; mean participation levels increasing from 62.0, 76.5 to 86.1 at 1, 3 and 12 months, respectively. After 1 year, 50% had not fully resumed work and restrictions were reported in physical exercise (51%), household duties (46%) and leisure activities (29%). Self-reported complaints of breathlessness and fatigue, more perceived limitations in daily life, as well as personal factors (less proactive coping style and anxiety/depression complaints) were associated with delayed recovery of participation (all p value <0.05).
conclusionsThis study supports the view that an integral vision of health is important when looking at the long-term consequence of post-ICU COVID-19. Personal factors such as having a less proactive coping style or mental impairments early on contribute to delayed recovery.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.