ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2022
Music of infant-directed singing entrains infants' social visual behavior.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
What it found
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 53 citations in OpenAlex.
- Expressing emotions through music.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2026Review
- Development of auditory and spontaneous movement responses to music over the first postnatal year.eLife · 2026Article
- The reciprocal relationship between maternal infant-directed singing and infant gaze.Musicae scientiae : the journal of the European Society for the Cognitive Sciences of Music · 2026Article
- Moving, Seeing, Hearing, Smelling and Tasting: How Sensory-Motor Experiences Shape Early Cognitive Development.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- InCHORRRuS: Infant-Directed Communication Highlights and Organizes Repetition and Redundancy Through Rhythmic Structure.Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · 2026Review
- Rhythm Processing Across Development: Origins, Links to Language Processing, and Perspectives for Intervention.Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · 2026Review
- The impact of mother's mental health, infant characteristics and war trauma on the acoustic features of infant-directed singing.Infant mental health journal · 2026Article
- A developmental framework of interpersonal neural synchrony.Developmental review : DR · 2025Article
- Preschool musicality is associated with school-age communication abilities through genes related to rhythmicity.NPJ science of learning · 2025Article
- Modeling Emotional Arousal With Turbulence Measured by EEG.Psychophysiology · 2025Article
- Temporal patterns in the complexity of child-directed song lyrics reflect their functions.Communications psychology · 2025Article
- Article
- Infants' home auditory environment: Background sounds shape language interactions.Developmental psychology · 2024Article
- Preschool musicality is associated with school-age communication abilities through genes related to rhythmicity.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Social interaction links active musical rhythm engagement and expressive communication in autistic toddlers.Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research · 2024Article
- Infant attention to rhythmic audiovisual synchrony is modulated by stimulus properties.Frontiers in psychology · 2024Article
- Early social communication through music: State of the art and future perspectives.Developmental cognitive neuroscience · 2023Review
- The Role of Talking Faces in Infant Language Learning: Mind the Gap between Screen-Based Settings and Real-Life Communicative Interactions.Brain sciences · 2023Review
- Do we all synch alike? Brain-body-environment interactions in ASD.Frontiers in neural circuits · 2023Article
- Music of infant-directed singing entrains infants' social visual behavior.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Infant-directed singing is a culturally universal musical phenomenon known to promote the bonding of infants and caregivers. Entrainment is a widely observed physical phenomenon by which diverse physical systems adjust rhythmic activity through interaction. Here we show that the simple act of infant-directed singing entrains infant social visual behavior on subsecond timescales, increasing infants' looking to the eyes of a singing caregiver: as early as 2 months of age, and doubling in strength by 6 months, infants synchronize their eye-looking to the rhythm of infant-directed singing. Rhythmic entrainment also structures caregivers' own cueing, enhancing their visual display of social-communicative content: caregivers increase wide-eyed positive affect, reduce neutral facial affect, reduce eye motion, and reduce blinking, all in time with the rhythm of their singing and aligned in time with moments when infants increase their eye-looking. In addition, if the rhythm of infant-directed singing is experimentally disrupted-reducing its predictability-then infants' time-locked eye-looking is also disrupted. These results reveal generic processes of entrainment as a fundamental coupling mechanism by which the rhythm of infant-directed singing attunes infants to precisely timed social-communicative content and supports social learning and development.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.