Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36320414›Full record

ArticleMolecular therapy. Methods & clinical development2022

Self-amplifying mRNA bicistronic influenza vaccines raise cross-reactive immune responses in mice and prevent infection in ferrets.

Cheng Chang, Nedzad Music, Michael Cheung, Evan Rossignol, Sukhmani Bedi, Harsh Patel, Mohammad Safari, Changkeun Lee, Gillis R Otten, Ethan C Settembre and 2 more

Erratum issuedOpen access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Molecular therapy. Methods & clinical development, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 20 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
20citing papers in PubMed
3.9field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

20 citing papers in PubMed, 27 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
  2. Article
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  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Review
  11. Review
  12. Clinical development of therapeutic mRNA applications.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2025
    Review
  13. The advent of clinical self-amplifying RNA vaccines.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2025
    Review
  14. Article
  15. Review
  16. Article
  17. An antibody-free evaluation of an mRNA COVID-19 vaccine.Biologicals : journal of the International Association of Biological Standardization · 2024
    Article
  18. Review
  19. Article
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Cheng ChangCSL, 50 Hampshire Street, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
Nedzad MusicCSL, 50 Hampshire Street, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
Michael CheungCSL, 50 Hampshire Street, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
Evan RossignolCSL, 50 Hampshire Street, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
Sukhmani BediCSL, 50 Hampshire Street, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
Harsh PatelCSL, 50 Hampshire Street, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
Mohammad SafariCSL, 50 Hampshire Street, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
Changkeun LeeCSL, 50 Hampshire Street, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
Gillis R OttenCSL, 50 Hampshire Street, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
Ethan C SettembreCSL, 50 Hampshire Street, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
Giuseppe PalladinoCSL, 50 Hampshire Street, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
Yingxia WenCSL, 50 Hampshire Street, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Vaccines are the primary intervention against influenza. Currently licensed inactivated vaccines focus immunity on viral hemagglutinin (HA). Self-amplifying mRNA (sa-mRNA) vaccines offer an opportunity to generate immunity to multiple viral proteins, including additional neuraminidase (NA). This evaluation of a bicistronic approach for sa-mRNA vaccine development compared subgenomic promoter and internal ribosome entry site strategies and found consistent and balanced expression of both HA and NA proteins in transfected cells. In mice, sa-mRNA bicistronic A/H5N1 vaccines raised potent anti-HA and anti-NA neutralizing antibody responses and HA- or NA-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses. The addition of NA also boosted the cross-neutralizing response to heterologous A/H1N1. Similar immunogenicity results were obtained for bicistronic seasonal A/H3N2 and B/Yamagata vaccines. In ferrets, sa-mRNA bicistronic A/H1N1 vaccine fully protected lung from infection by homologous virus and showed significant reduction of viral load in upper respiratory tract, warranting further evaluation of sa-mRNA bicistronic vaccine in humans.

Indexed as

bicistroniccross-reactive immune responseemagglutinininfluenzaneuraminidasesa-mRNA

Identifiers

PMID36320414
PMCPMC9589142
OpenAlexW4300861833

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.