Observational studyAnnals of clinical microbiology and antimicrobials2022
Incidence, clinical characteristics, risk factors and outcomes of patients with mixed Candida/bacterial bloodstream infections: a retrospective study.
Observational study in Annals of clinical microbiology and antimicrobials, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed.
- Fungal-Bacterial Interactions in Polymicrobial Infections: Hidden Threats.MicrobiologyOpen · 2026Review
- Clinical Characteristics, Microbiological Sources, and Outcomes ofJournal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Biofilm formation directly correlates with cell viability in Candida tropicalis on polypropylene.Applied microbiology and biotechnology · 2026Article
- Clinical characteristics and risk factors of mortality in patients with candidemia: a four-year retrospective study.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2026Article
- Epidemiology, risk factors, and mortality of Candida bloodstream infection in Yulin, China: a 7-year retrospective study.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Biofilms: from the cradle of life to life support.NPJ biofilms and microbiomes · 2026Review
- Clinical insights into mixedMicrobiology spectrum · 2025Article
- Epidemiology and Characteristics of Invasive Yeast Infections in Patients with Hematologic Diseases: 12-Year Single-Center Retrospective Cohort Study.Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- In Vitro Evaluation of Liposomal Amphotericin B Adsorption With Different Hemofilters for Continuous Hemofiltration.Artificial organs · 2025Article
- Evaluation of the efficacy of sulbactam combination therapy for monomicrobial and polymicrobial pulmonary infections caused by multidrug-resistantMicrobiology spectrum · 2025Article
- A comprehensive analysis of the effect of quorum-sensing molecule 3-oxo-C12-homoserine lactone onBiofilm · 2025Article
- Development and validation of a nomogram to predict bacterial blood stream infection.European journal of medical research · 2025Article
- Preventive Activity of an Arginine-Based Surfactant on the Formation of Mixed Biofilms of Fluconazole-ResistantAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Cross-kingdom pathogen detection via duplex universal PCR and high-resolution melt.Biosensors & bioelectronics · 2025Article
- Article
- Medicinal plants: bioactive compounds, biological activities, combating multidrug-resistant microorganisms, and human health benefits - a comprehensive review.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Clinical Features, Outcomes, and Antifungal Susceptibility Profiles of InvasiveInfection and drug resistance · 2025Article
- Exploring the clinical outcomes and molecular characteristics ofFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Article
- Novel evidence on sepsis-inducing pathogens: from laboratory to bedside.Frontiers in microbiology · 2023Review
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13 authors.
Funding
Abstract
purposeThe mixed Candida/bacterial bloodstream infections (mixed C/B-BSIs) is worthy of particular attention recently, and we analyzed the incidence, co-pathogens, clinical characteristics, risk factors, and outcomes of mixed C/B-BSIs compared with monomicrobial candidemia (mono-candidemia) in adult patients in China.
methodsAll hospitalized adults with candidemia were recruited for this retrospective observational study from January 1, 2013, to December 31, 2019.
resultsOf the 296 patients with candidemia, 78 cases (26.3%) were mixed C/B-BSIs. Candida albicans (C. albicans) was the most common Candida species among all candidemia, and Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) was the most concomitant bacteria (30.6%), followed by Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii) (12.9%) and Enterococcus faecium (E. faecium) (11.8%) in mixed C/B-BSIs. In the multivariable analysis, prior β-lactams exposure [adjusted odds ratio (aOR), 1.97; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.01-3.87], burn injury (aOR, 6.35; 95% CI 1.82-22.21) and continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) (aOR, 3.00; 95% CI 1.46-6.17) were independent risk factors for mixed C/B-BSIs. Compared with mono-candidemia, patients with mixed C/B-BSIs developed with more proportion of septic shock (55.1% vs. 39.9%, P < 0.05), prolonged stay in ICU [22.0(12.0-57.0) vs. 9.5(0.0-37.0) days, P < 0.001] and longer mechanical ventilation time [19.0(4.5-40.8) vs. 6.0(0.0-24.8) days, P < 0.001]. The in-hospital mortality in patients with mixed C/B-BSIs was higher than those with mono-candidemia (59.0% vs. 34.9%, P < 0.001). Survival analysis revealed that 28-day and 60-day mortality were significantly higher in patients with mixed C/B-BSI than in those with mono-candidemia (57.7% vs. 31.7%, P < 0.001; 59.0% vs. 34.9%, P < 0.001; respectively).
conclusionsThere is a high rate of mixed C/B-BSIs cases among candidemia, and K. pneumoniae is the predominant coexisting species. Prior β-lactams exposure, burn injury, and CRRT are independent risk factors for mixed C/B-BSIs. The mortality of patients with mixed C/B-BSIs is significantly higher than those with mono-candidemia, this deserves further attention for clinicians.
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