ArticleBMC medicine2022
Added flavors: potential contributors to body weight gain and obesity?
Article in BMC medicine, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed.
- No significant salt or sweet taste preference or sensitivity differences following ad libitum consumption of ultra-processed and unprocessed diets: a randomized controlled pilot study.Chemical senses · 2023Trial
- How Does the Ultra-Processed Food Industry Drive Consumption Through Product Design and Marketing? Mapping a Complex Commercial System According to Expert Mental Models and Evidence Review.Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity · 2026Review
- Relationship between 39 dietary markers of ultra-processed food and incident depression: evidence from the prospective UK Biobank cohort study.European journal of nutrition · 2026Article
- The Future of Food Processing-A Food Science and Technology Perspective. Proceedings of a Roundtable Event.Nutrition bulletin · 2026Article
- Association of ultra-processed food consumption with all-cause and cause-specific mortality: population-based cohort study.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Altered eating experience during GLP-1 receptor agonist therapy: a sensory-liking-wanting framework for food preference and nutritional behaviour.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Review
- A Profile of Flavourings in Commercial Complementary Foods in South Africa.Maternal & child nutrition · 2025Article
- Association of 37 markers of ultra-processing with all-cause mortality: a prospective cohort study in the UK Biobank.EClinicalMedicine · 2025Article
- Flavor and Well-Being: A Comprehensive Review of Food Choices, Nutrition, and Health Interactions.Food science & nutrition · 2025Review
- Association of ultra-processed foods with phenotypic age acceleration in US adults: a mediation analysis of body mass index in the NHANES.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- Nutritional value and environmental aspects of high-protein ultra-processed foods on the German market.Public health nutrition · 2024Article
- Nootkatone (NK), a grapefruit-derived aromatic compound, inhibited lipid accumulation by regulating JAK2-STAT signaling and antioxidant response in adipocyte.Food science and biotechnology · 2024Article
- How Promising Are "Ultraprocessed" Front-of-Package Labels? A Formative Study with US Adults.Nutrients · 2024Article
- Ultra-processed Food and Obesity: What Is the Evidence?Current nutrition reports · 2024Review
- Ultra-processing markers are more prevalent in plant-based meat products as compared to their meat-based counterparts in a German food market analysis.Public health nutrition · 2023Article
- Flavour, emulsifiers and colour are the most frequent markers to detect food ultra-processing in a UK food market analysis.Public health nutrition · 2023Article
- Ultraprocessed foods and chronic kidney disease-double trouble.Clinical kidney journal · 2023Review
- 360-Degree Perspectives on Obesity.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2023Review
- Diet Preference, Feed Efficiency and Expression of the Sodium-Dependent Glucose Transporter Isoform 1 and Sweet Taste Receptors in the Jejunum of Lambs Supplemented with Different Flavours.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAdded flavors are a marker for ultra-processing of food and a strong link exists between the intake of ultra-processed food and the development of obesity. The objective of the present article is to assess animal and human data elucidating the impact of added flavors on the regulation of food intake and body weight gain, as well as to define areas for future research. MAIN TEXT: Mechanistic studies suggest that added flavors induce overeating and body weight gain by two independent mechanisms: Added flavors promote hedonic eating and override homeostatic control of food intake, as well as disrupt flavor-nutrient learning and impair the ability to predict nutrients in food items. Supporting these potential mechanisms, added flavors increase feed intake and body weight as compared to non-flavored control diets in a broad range of animal studies. They are actively promoted by feed additive manufacturers as useful tools to improve palatability, feed intake, and performance parameters. In humans, added flavors are extensively tested concerning toxicity; however, no data exist concerning their impact on food intake and body weight.
conclusionsAdded flavors are potential contributors to the obesity epidemic and further studies focusing on their role in humans are urgently required. These studies include obesity interventions specifically targeting food items with added flavors and cohort studies on independent associations between added flavor intake and metabolic, as well as cardiovascular, morbidity, and mortality.
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