ArticleAging clinical and experimental research2023
Associations between saliva and plasma cytokines in cognitively normal, older adults.
Article in Aging clinical and experimental research, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- Distinct inflammatory profiles across migraine states: a systematic review and meta-analysis.The journal of headache and pain · 2025Pooled it
- Pro-inflammatory markers interact with spontaneous theta oscillations to predict depression among adolescents.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2026Article
- Potential of Saliva in Stroke Patients: A Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- The Mechanism and Pathways of Formation and Modification of Salivary Metabolic Profile in Cancer.Current issues in molecular biology · 2026Review
- Sex-specific immune-brain coupling in hippocampal circuits and Alzheimer's disease vulnerability.Research square · 2026Article
- Sex-Specific Salivary Biochemical Composition in a Healthy Population.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Article
- Assessment of Serum and Saliva CRP, IL-17, and IL-19 Levels in Patients with Different Severity of Acne Vulgaris.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Methodological comparison between salivary and plasma inflammatory biomarkers in third molar surgery patients.BMC oral health · 2025Article
- The relationship between self-reported immune fitness and salivary immune biomarker concentrations.Immunologic research · 2025Article
- Natural and induced immune responses in oral cavity and saliva.BMC immunology · 2025Review
- Pilot application of an inflammation and physiological dysregulation index based on noninvasive salivary biomarkers.BMC research notes · 2025Article
- Lipidomics of Huntington's Disease: A Comprehensive Review of Current Status and Future Directions.Metabolites · 2025Review
- The screening assessment of pro-inflammatory, anti-inflammatory, Th1, Th2 and Th17 cytokines in saliva of patients with ischemic stroke.International journal of medical sciences · 2025Article
- Identification of potential inflammation markers for outgrowth of cow's milk allergy.PloS one · 2025Article
- Sex, senescence, senolytics, and cognition.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2025Review
- Salivary Biomarkers of Inflammation in Patients With Chronic Non-Specific Low Back Pain.Biomarker insights · 2025Article
- Clinical Outcomes and Cytokine Profile of Standard and Short Implant-supported Prostheses in Diabetics Treated for Periodontal Disease: A 5-year Study.Oral health & preventive dentistry · 2024Article
- Differential Association of Salivary Proinflammatory Mediators with Type 2 Diabetes: A Network Meta-Analysis.Iranian journal of public health · 2024Review
- A Prospective Cohort Study on the Effects of Repeated Acute Stress on Cortisol Awakening Response and Immune Function in Military Medical Students.Biomedicines · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundInflammatory responses play key roles in the development and progression of many pathological conditions, including neurodegenerative diseases. Accurate quantification of inflammatory factors in saliva would be highly advantageous, given its convenience and non-invasive nature, especially in elderly populations.
methodsIn this study, we measured levels of 10 cytokines, and the pro-inflammatory factor, YKL-40, in plasma and saliva samples from a cohort of nondemented older adults (n = 71; 62% female; 70.3 ± 6.4 years) using sensitive electrochemiluminescence-based immunoassays.
resultsWe found that the mean levels of all cytokines were higher in saliva compared to plasma and that strong sex differences were observed for both saliva and plasma cytokines in this population. Comparing each cytokine between the two biofluids, we found that levels of interferon-gamma (IFNγ), interleukin (IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα) in blood were significantly correlated with their respective levels in saliva. We further observed that levels of these cytokines in blood were significantly correlated with additional cytokines in saliva, including IL-1β, IL-10, IL-8, IL12p70 and IL-13.
conclusionsThese findings show that inflammatory markers in saliva are associated with those found in circulation, suggesting shared inflammatory mechanisms between these two fluids. The higher levels of cytokines measured in saliva suggest that it might represent a better peripheral fluid to gauge inflammatory processes. Finally, our findings of robust sex differences in several salivary cytokines could have important implications for their potential use as disease biomarkers in the elderly and might be related to sex differences in the prevalence of age-related conditions.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.